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Headshot of Cowboy State Daily's business and tourism reporter, Renée Jean

Renée Jean

DUBOIS — When Marion Taylor talks about America, there’s a little catch in her voice that she just can’t help any more than she can help how her eyes start misting over.

That was doubly true Saturday on a flag-lined main street in a tiny Wyoming mountain town, where thousands gathered to celebrate America’s 250th birthday by watching one of the nation’s most unique parades. 

Each year, Dubois fields something few towns or cities of any size could manage — a parade of roughly two dozen military tanks and other vehicles, hand-picked by National Museum of Military Vehicles founder Dan Starks to tell a sweeping story of American freedom.

“This means something to me because I wasn’t a natural born U.S. citizen,” Taylor told Cowboy State Daily. “I immigrated from Canada as a child and we were so — I can almost cry, thinking about it.”

The memory that came flooding back was a much smaller, quieter parade when she was being sworn in as a U.S. citizen at 19 years old.

“I was living in Missouri back then, and we went to St. Louis to the big courthouse,” she said.

Taylor said she remembers Wold War veterans at the courthouse as a color guard for the ceremony.

Taylor’s eyes light up when she talks about how Dubois celebrates the Fourth of July. 

“Last year we had 3,000 people here winding the streets for the parade,” she said. “And this year, I think it’ll be the same, or maybe more. Everybody wants to come to the Dubois parade because we have the military vehicles. 

"It’s the most unique parade in America.”

That uniqueness doesn’t come without logistical headaches. Shutting down a state highway, even for a short time, takes serious coordination with the Wyoming Department of Transportation. 

“They give us a set amount of time to close the road and get the parade through,” she said. “But we still get it done.”

Last year, Mother Nature stepped in with her own deadline, splashing onlookers with a sudden storm that came blowing down the mountain. 

“The wind was blowing dirt in our eyes and taking people’s hats and chairs and everything,” she said. 

People came back anyway, she added with a proud smile. 

It’s the tanks, she acknowledges. They are just irresistible.

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For the crowd lining both sides of U.S. Highway 26 through Dubois, also known as Ramshorn Highway, the tank parade is pure spectacle — and they love it. 

The roar of the engines rumbling down the streets and echoing off the Wind River Mountains as they belch diesel smoke is what it’s all about.  

For Starks, though, the spectacle is actually a carefully chosen curation of American military history.  

“On the lineup of vehicles, the first thing I like to have is an array,” he told Cowboy State Daily. “And each year I like to include vehicles that people haven’t seen before.”

Among this year’s standouts was an M110 self-propelled Howitzer, a hulking piece of bristling Cold War history to send rolling down the street.

“It’s the biggest howitzer, the largest diameter howitzer,” Starks said. “They’re firing the largest shell of any howitzer in the U.S. military inventory, and it was capable of firing a nuclear projectile.

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Not all the vehicles are about shock and awe. 

Starks wants the convoy to tell a coherent story, one that teases people and encourages them to want to learn more. 

This year’s biggest teaser was a World War II halftrack named Krystyna, with a special story pulled from the shadow world of espionage.

Krystyna was “a daring Polish aristocrat,” Starks said. 

“She was Winston Churchill’s favorite World War II spy,” he said. “This halftrack was restored over in Europe by a group that had particular connections with the Polish military and knew the story of this Polish spy … and decided to name this halftrack after her.”

Dubois has but one hour for its big military tank parade. It’s an hour that turns the pages of history, with vehicles normally only seen behind museum ropes. 

Bringing them out to an American main street in a small town like Dubois is something Starks believes happens nowhere else in the country. 

“It’s not that nobody else has a military vehicle in a parade,” he said. “I’m sure there are plenty of military vehicles here and there, but nothing like this.”

It’s the depth and breadth of those military vehicles, spanning 80 years of history, that’s unmatched. 

“I haven’t verified it, but I’ve been around a long time and I’ve worked with lots and lots of people,” he said. “And I consistently hear nobody else does this.”

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The people who come to watch Dubois Fourth of July tank parade are just as varied as the military convoy itself. 

One family from Riverton, for example, stood out from the crowd for the unusual flag they were waving around. 

It was not just large, but also proclaimed America 250. 

Matt Burrell found the flag when he was searching around online for something special to mark the occasion. 

“I didn’t know what yet, but then I saw that right off the bat on Amazon,” he said. “And I said, ‘That’s it.’”

Burrell showed up in Dubois last year on a whim with his two young children. This year, it was not just a plan, but a full-blown getaway.

They stayed in the KOA campground, which impressed them with its indoor swimming pool, as well as activities like gold mining for the kids.

“You buy a bag of dirt and you can run it through the water and do the whole process,” he said with a chuckle. “I don’t know if you ever find anything like gold.”

But fun was the real gold he was looking for.

Not everyone in the crowd was feeling their best. 

A woman from Casper admitted she’d been sick for two weeks and was still on a mostly “bland cracker diet.”

The thought of staying home for America’s 250th, though, was unimaginable.

“I’m old enough that I can remember the 200th anniversary in 1976 and how special it was and how lucky I felt, even back then, at a child’s age, just to celebrate,” she said. “And here we are again. 

"I know America’s not perfect. I know we have our problems. But it’s still the absolute best place in the world. And Wyoming is the only place I ever want to live.”

Most years, she and her family go to Cody’s famous Stampede Parade for the Fourth of July, but this year they made a deliberate pivot to Dubois to see the tanks.

“We wanted to experience the tanks and the military display, honestly,” she said. “Dubois is absolutely just outstanding. So beautiful.”

On one corner of main street Dubois, a man named Steve Burgess offered a simple card table draped in red, white, and blue and piled with free flags, whirligigs, and mints.

“I love this country,” he told Cowboy State Daily, gesturing to the table. “This country has been good to me and my family, and I like to celebrate along with everybody else and give out flags and whirlybirds and mints and just enjoy the day.”

This was the third year Burgess offered patriotic accessories set out on what looked like a handmade, crocheted tablecloth.

“I did not make it,” he admitted. “I bought it at the Op Shop — Opportunity Shop. St. Thomas Episcopal Church runs it.”

Burgess had gone there specifically to find a tablecloth, but wasn’t expecting to find something quite so perfect. 

America’s 250th is special to Burgess because the miracle still persists, despite all the tensions and challenges.

“We’ve got a great country in spite of some of the differences we share,” he said. “Long story short, it’s the greatest country in the world and it’s survived 250 years. History says our nation should not be here, that it should have run its course in about 200 years. 

“Well, we’re 50 years over what the expectancy is throughout history. So that’s a win, and it means that a lot of people sacrificed for the freedom that we enjoy to this day, and I do not take that lightly.”

For Kevin and Josh Gentile of Casper — father and son, Navy and Marine Corps service, respectively — America’s 250th birthday is something they feel deeply. 

“Both of us have served our country,” Kevin said. “He did four years in the Marine Corps, and I did four years in the Navy. I felt it was important to serve my country if I’m going to enjoy its freedoms.”

Kevin remembers America’s 200th birthday in 1976, and seeing another one with his son is beyond special. 

The National Museum of Military Vehicles, meanwhile, is “mind-boggling.” 

“The freedom, the country … this is the greatest country in the world, as far as I’m concerned,” Kevin said. “And this (parade) is just a great event to celebrate that.”

Kevin loved what he saw in Dubois — people from all walks of life coming together.

“You hear about all the controversies that are going on,” he said. “But here we are, and people are happy, people are friendly. It’s a really great thing. It makes you feel good to be here.”

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For Taylor, who has watched both America 200 and now America 250, the real strength she sees in the country isn’t that everyone agrees all the time. It’s that they don’t, and yet still find ways to work together. 

“If you love this country, you’re going to come together,” she said. “I used to work for a lady who was very left, and we were great friends.”

Taylor’s friend made great homemade sourdough bread, while Taylor made all the fillings. 

“We never got in each other’s way,” Taylor said. “I had her do the salads and she made the bread. I made the sandwiches, and the special, and I baked the desserts. 

"We got along so well, and we were different political realms completely. I was right, she was left, but we didn’t care. We’re still friends.”

Her takeaway from that as an American is simple.

“You don’t have to get mad at people because they’re a different affiliation,” she said. “Just agree to disagree, that’s it.”

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"},{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Disagreement Built America"}]

Disagreement, Starks said, is part of what built the country that America is now. 

Though today, the Founding Fathers are often referred to as though they were of one mind and one body, the truth is they were men who had vehement disagreements with each other over a range of divisive issues, from slavery to federalism, he said.

Their “genius,” Starks said, was working together in spite of that and creating a new country where the principal remains all men are created equal.

“People think, ‘Oh the country is going to hell because look at all the divisiveness,'” Starks said. “But that’s just typical. That’s what happens in a country like us, that has as many different people, with so many different life experiences, different backgrounds, different values. 

"What we hold in common is the value of being Americans and the value of finding a way to thread the needle and get an acceptable path through all these differences. That’s what we’re celebrating today.”

And that’s what Starks saw on full display as he drove one of his own military vehicles in the small-town parade that shuts down a state highway every year so history and freedom can roll down a main street in America and celebrate everything that makes it great. 

It’s a spectacle that tells a story in steel and diesel and thousands of human voices, like the immigrant who still cries when she remembers a World War color guard escort when she became a citizen. 

Or a woman too sick to eat much more than crackers but who can’t miss America’s 250th birthday. Or the veterans who gathered to cheer tanks rolling down the streets of town for a country they loved enough to serve in the military.

This 250th Fourth of July, one thin slice of America in Dubois, Wyoming, offered a larger glimpse of a nation that can still come together and celebrate when it really matters.

Dubois Fourth of July 20260704 1500340 7 4 26

Cowboy State Daily is Wyoming’s largest newspaper with Wyoming’s most experienced journalists. 

<title>Dubois’ One-Of-A-Kind Military Tank Parade Celebrates America's 250th | Cowboy State Daily</title>

On America’s 250th, Dubois did something few towns in America can do — fielding a parade with more than two dozen military tanks and vehicles spanning 80 years of U.S. history. "It’s the most unique parade in America,” said one patriotic-feeling parade-goer.

Dubois’ One-Of-A-Kind Military Tank Parade Celebrates America's 250th

Energy

Jeffrey City is best known for uranium and near abandonment after the yellowcake market crashed in the 1980s. 

But things are looking up for the near-ghost town in the central desert region of Fremont County. 

And that’s not because of Wyoming’s renewed uranium rush or Visionary Metals’ new nickel project nearby. 

Jeffrey City, which has about 60 residents after boasting around 4,000 during its uranium heyday, could be poised for a brand-new industry thanks to a Canadian geologist named Jean-Pierre Jutras, who said he’s on the verge of finding significant new sources of both ornamental and gem-quality jade.

“Wyoming jade is legendary in the circles of jade carvers,” Jutras told Cowboy State Daily. “Production has been curtailed for a long time, and everything’s been looked at quite a bit and picked over, but when I looked at Wyoming as a geologist, what struck me was that there was barely any information at all on the geology.”

Jutras’ company, Jade Leader, is taking a similar tack to that of 

, which is using new geological knowledge and new technology to uncover deeper veins of gold in the South Pass area and other Wyoming locations.

“We just decided to take a hard look and see if the sources of a lot of the surface material that was collected from the '30s all the way to the '70s could be identified and if we could understand if there was any significant potential for renewed production.”

At one time, Wyoming had so much jade laying around on the surface people could walk around and pluck it straight from the sagebrush.

That supported roughly 868 tons of jade production from the 1930s to the 1970s. There was even a company devoted to jewelry production that was sending 18 tons of materials into the world annually, to Taiwan, New Zealand, Europe, and Far Eastern countries.

But as the easy jade became rarer and rarer, the state could no longer support the scale anymore. 

Wyoming’s decline happened about the same time as the Canadian jade industry was starting to rise.

How A Canadian Became A ‘Jade-aholic’

Growing up in Canada, Jutras was interested in rocks and geology from a young age. A career as a geologist only seemed logical. 

In the 1980s, he was gifted some jade from a mine he was allowed to visit, which honed his interest in this semiprecious stone formed by intense environmental conditions found deep underground. 

“I took that home and I’ve been cutting and carving jade and other gemstones ever since then, alongside my geological career,” he said. “So I kind of became a jade-aholic very quickly, very early.”

It wasn’t until he was invited to a jade-carving competition in China, though, that he realized just how interesting — and valuable — jade is.

“To me, jade was like the little souvenirs and tourist shop pieces,” he said. “Once in a while there’s a historical piece that’s really nice. So I went to this festival not knowing what to expect.”

When he arrived at the Zi Gang Bei Festival in Suzhou, he witnessed a spectacle unlike any he’d never seen.

There were 550 competing jade carvers who had brought more than 1,100 pieces for judging. 

During the three-day event, more than 90,000 visitors streamed in to admire the pieces entered in the competition, as well as to buy jade. 

“I was so impressed, first, because of the quality of the carvings that were there, valued in the millions of dollars per piece,” Jutras said. “And we saw jades of all qualities. We saw carvings from Guatemala, New Zealand, Germany, Canada, the U.S., and, of course, China. And I looked at all of this and went, ‘I’m missing something here. How did I not know about this?’”

Jutras had planned to stay for just a week, but decided instead to stay longer and keep exploring this vast new world of jade, visiting all the carving towns and all of the major markets.

“In one of the towns I visited, called Shifosi, they said they had 125,000 carvers, just in that one town alone,” he said. “It was incredible, and essentially all of the businesses in China that sell jade go there because that’s the big manufacturing center. And I mean, it was display after display, buildings the size of airplane hangars, with 2,000, 3,000 vendors in them.”

It was during this time that he learned the jade the Chinese most prized came from Wyoming. It was also the jade that had disproportionately earned gold medals during the festival.

“It’s received extremely well at the highest level, in a culture highly sophisticated in the jade arts,” Jutras said.

The Chinese have been obsessed with jade for generations.

Emperors made entire suits of jade to wear on their journey to the afterlife.

“We’re talking about 7,000 little tiles of jade all connected together with gold wires that they would clothe the dead with,” Jutras said. “So they could go into the afterlife protected with jade.”

These jade tiles were often said to be too precious to steal, he added. That’s because only nobles were allowed to own it.

“They opened up a tomb and it had a sarcophagus of jade,” Jutras said. “And the thieves had gone in and stolen everything else, including the gold wire that was connecting the jade plates. But they left the jade because you just couldn’t fence jade if you weren’t a noble.”

While most jades worldwide consist of recrystallization of a previous rock, Wyoming’s jade appears to have crystalized at greater depths within the earth, resulting in a much purer, more predictable material that takes one of the best polishes found in nephrite jade worldwide. 

That is why it’s so highly prized by the Chinese.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"},{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Finding New Jade Sources"}]

Jutras returned from his Chinese trip after a month with a mission in mind.

Conventional wisdom had it that Wyoming jade had petered out in the 1970s, but geological knowledge had evolved since that determination was made, as had the technology for finding precious gems, minerals and metals. 

“What you have to unravel is why jade was in a particular location in the first place,” he said. “Where did it come from? So you could go to a place where people have picked all the surface stuff and see if there’s a source somewhere beneath it.”

Instead of chasing more famous, rock-hounding spots like Bull Canyon, Jutras instead sought bedrock targets, which he believes could be the original sources of all that loose jade once picked up by the bucketful. These are targets he believes can support a small, but steady, jade industry over the long haul.

The work, which began in 2018, has cost Jade Leader roughly $337,000, and has included six phases of field work north of Jeffrey City, including trenching, mapping, and scientific studies. 

Results of that work have been published in the Journal of Gemology, which is the British Gemological Society’s association publication. The peer-reviewed article outlines two distinct types of jade found by Jade Leader. 

There’s the smoother, more homogenous material that’s suitable for jewelry, which he refers to as gem jade. Then there’s a rougher, more mottled stone called ornamental jade.

Once, ornamental jade was only suitable for carving little souvenirs to sell in tourist shops, but Jutras said the time is right for a new use. 

“LED technology is improving all the time,” he said. “Cutting technologies are improving all the time.”

That now allows this type of jade to be cut into thin, translucent slices that can be backlit to stunning result.

“We see a space here where the ornamental jades can be an addition to the luxury stone market,” Jutras said.

To test the theory, Jade Leader has taken a small quantity of its ornamental jade to create a few test installations and see if this idea can find footing in the luxury architecture space. 

They’ve also sold a $50,000 batch of Wyoming’s rough jade into experimental projects where designers are testing how the stone looks in thin backlit panels.

Jutras’ vision for Jeffrey City will depend on finding demand for niche, high-end architectural and carving jade. 

For now, the project is in the early days. It’s backed by promising field work and it’s economically feasible, Jutras said, because his targets are small and have a small environmental footprint, one that does not require use of anything hazardous.

“We’re talking about 1 to 2 acres essentially, to harvest the material,” he said. “And then all we do is just jackhammer the rock and extract whatever jade is contained within it, and then put the debris back into the excavation for reclamation. There’s no need to build up any kind of large infrastructure at all.”

There’s also no need for large amounts of water to process the stone, nor any crushing, tailings or mechanical separation required. 

“It’s all done by hand,” he said. “And there’s no need for processing the material outside of just polishing a side of the pieces, so it shows us the inside texture, color and translucency of the stone.”

For now, Jeffrey City is still an open question. But if the market for architectural jade proves out, the windswept outpost might find itself a new niche in the jade world. 

Its second act might not be written in uranium at all, but translucent green instead. 

Jeffrey city jade inset 7 5 26

<title>Jeffrey City’s Second Act: From Near Uranium Ghost Town To Jade Comeback | Cowboy State Daily</title>

Known for uranium and then near-abandonment, Jeffrey City is getting a second look from a Canadian geologist who says new science — and evolving markets — could turn Wyoming’s deposits of jade into a new industry for the tiny almost-ghost town.

Jeffrey City’s Second Act: From Near Uranium Ghost Town To Jade Comeback

Kerry Drake

Toa, a puppy on the Wind River Indian Reservation, didn’t have a name yet when he was recently rescued by a family in Ethete, which found him with a fishing line tied to his right front leg.

Some children were reportedly seen swinging him around by the line, severely injuring the leg. But thanks to the family that found Toa, his leg was not only eventually amputated he also helped find the 14 brothers, sisters and cousins from whom he had strayed.

It was a dramatic rescue, but one of many made possible by Yola’s Pet Rescue in Cheyenne, which focuses on getting stray and feral dogs wandering the reservation spayed and neutered, then finding people who will adopt them.

JM Marschner, who opened the clinic in 2017, told Cowboy State Daily she and her volunteers have worked with other rescue groups to find more than 3,000 dogs and cats on the reservation.

Marschner said she started working there because there are so many stray and feral dogs, and the reservation doesn’t have a veterinarian or animal shelter. The closest vets are in Lander and Riverton.

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When Toa was found, a call went to Yola’s Pet Rescue late on a Saturday night. Marschner dispatched one of her volunteers to the scene to meet the woman who rescued Toa, and together they discovered 18 other puppies from two litters. 

Four later died, and Marschner said while “it was touch and go” for the three smallest pups, 14 survived and were sent to the Laramie Animal Welfare Society.

Toa didn’t make that trip because a veterinarian had to perform an emergency amputation. After some recovery time, he joined the rest of his puppy pals in Laramie. 

That’s where he got his name, plus much love and attention from the staff and volunteers.

Corina Slyman of LAWS said dogs brought to the clinic can’t be adopted until they’ve been spayed or neutered, had their vaccinations, and been microchipped. LAWS works to arrange for foster homes, but doesn’t have enough space to keep rescued dogs.

“We mainly take care of puppies who come in, and many need to be bottle-fed and have special care,” Slyman said. “We work with other animal clinics in the region to get them adopted once they can be.”

Slyman said Toa looks is a strong candidate for adoption. 

“The tough little guy is doing really well,” she said. 

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The Wind River Indian Reservation, like many others in North America, has had a large dog population for generations. Many of these “rez dogs” run loose, with no owners.

Without a clinic like Yola’s, the numbers won’t decrease. Even with the clinic and animal lovers like Marschner and a half-dozen volunteers, it’s a constant and expensive challenge.

“A lot of the houses on the reservation don’t have fences, so the dogs aren’t contained,” Marschner said. “So that’s part of the problem. If we find a dog we think may be lost, we post them on Pet Finder.”

Another huge factor is unwanted animals being abandoned, though Marschner is quick to note that people in Riverton and Lander turn their dogs loose on the reservation, too. 

“It’s not just a tribal problem,” she said.

Kisandra Roberts of Kinnear has been a Yola’s volunteer for about four years, after leaving a Lander animal hospital where she’d worked for 14 years. 

Roberts said often people don’t own the animals in their neighborhood, but they feel badly and want to help if dogs have puppies under their porch or in their sheds.

 "Before they know it, people can have 10 or 20 dogs,” she said. “And each female can have about 20 puppies a year. Kids will bring home a puppy and say they want to keep it when it’s young and cute. But when they’re no longer in the puppy stage, they’ll just kind of leave it to fend for itself.”

Roberts, who owns a rescued rez dog, said abandoned dogs “pack up” because they instinctively want to be with other like-minded dogs. She said a lot of feral dogs “absolutely won’t let us come anywhere near them.” 

Marschner said it’s a never-ending battle. 

“Mothers tend to have big litters, then they continue to have puppies,” she said. “It’s hard to find and catch many of these dogs so we can take them to a clinic and have them fixed.”

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"},{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Spay & Neuter Cruiser"}]

Marschner’s rescue organization has a mobile unit dubbed the “Spay & Neuter Cruiser” for clinics, but she said it’s usually more efficient to find a place in the community they’re serving.

Yola’s next mobile clinic is set for the Casper Health Fair on July 11-12. Spay and neuter clinics will also be conducted in Wheatland and also on the reservation later this month.

“Once we made the announcement in Casper, we were sold out in about an hour,” Marschner said. “That shows what the need is. We have a waiting list, but I don’t think we’ll be able to accommodate them.

“We set up like a ‘M*A*S*H*’ unit, with all of the medical supplies and equipment,” she explained. 

The equipment alone cost about $40,000, and Marschner said each clinic costs between $4,000 to $5,000.

The group largely depends on donations from individuals and grants from groups or companies. Marschner said she does her work for free.

“The critical piece to running the clinics is finding a vet and a vet tech,” she said. “That’s our biggest challenge. I think we’ll see more vets willing to participate.”

All spay and neuter operations on the reservation are free. In other places Yola’s helps subsidize the cost and negotiates a lower fee with veterinarians who agree to do the work so it’s more affordable for dog owners.

Yola’s makes monthly trips to the reservation to deliver dog food, and has also brought dog houses with straw for outdoor pets.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"},{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Expensive Surgeries"}]

The clinic has an annual budget between $60,000 and $70,000, Marschner said. The majority is spent on veterinary services, and the remainder is mostly used for dog food and spay and neuter clinic supplies.

“The money can go quickly,” she added. Toa’s amputation cost $900. If a rez dog has an encounter with a porcupine, which happens frequently, the medical bill can top $1,000.

“A lot of dogs will follow the river, and the super curious ones will go after the porcupines,” Roberts said. 

The subsequent fights never go well for the canines. Vets must anesthetize the dogs to remove quills, a process that can take hours and might need to be done multiple times.

“People can’t afford to take them to the vet, and if they don’t get care, they starve to death because they can’t eat,” Marschner said. “We always want to help with emergency care, like Toa’s amputation, but it does add up.”

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"},{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Rez Dogs Are Popular"}]

Roberts said many people want to adopt rez dogs and are willing to drive several hundred miles to do so, for several reasons.

“I transported three the other day clear down to Utah,” she said. “They get adopted pretty quick. People feel bad about what they’ve been through.”

With no veterinary clinics or animal shelters, roaming dogs are a problem on the Wind River Indian Reservation. A Cheyenne clinic 300 miles away has rescued 3,000 stray pets from the reservation since 2017.

Erma Jean Pflieger, 87