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Government & Politics

Politics

Wyoming U.S. House Rep. Harriet Hageman was one of 22 Republicans to vote against making daylight saving time permanent as the House passed the Sunshine Protection Act on Tuesday.

For Wyomingites tired of changing their clocks every spring and fall, the vote was a big step toward ending the twice-yearly ritual that has been a divisive issue in the Cowboy State and across the nation.

The 308-117 vote advances the act to the Senate, which if approved would make daylight saving time permanent.

Most Americans would stop changing their clocks twice a year and instead remain on daylight saving time year-round, although states could choose to observe permanent standard time instead.

Hageman told Cowboy State Daily in a statement that her vote was made with Wyoming in mind.

"The Sunshine Protection Act robs Wyoming farmers and ranchers of precious sunlight and ensures the first hours of a student's day is in darkness,” she said. "The government isn't funded, our elections aren't secure, and Wyoming's legacy industries need help. 

"I will not vote for a time-wasting bill that puts Wyoming in the dark."

If enacted, the legislation would mean later winter sunsets but also later winter sunrises, giving people more daylight in the evening while making mornings darker.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Another Opportunity "}]

[{"type":"text","text":"Wyoming has been preparing for this possibility for years."}]

In 2020, the Wyoming Legislature approved a trigger law authorizing the state to adopt permanent daylight saving time if Congress first changes federal law and neighboring Mountain Time states enact similar laws.

As a result, Tuesday's House vote alone would not change anything for Wyoming.

Even if the bill ultimately becomes law, Wyoming would continue changing its clocks until the conditions outlined in state law are met.

Former state Rep. Dan Laursen, R-Powell, sponsored Wyoming's trigger law and spent years advocating for permanent daylight saving time.

When the U.S. Senate unanimously passed a similar version of the Sunshine Protection Act in 2022, Laursen

he hoped Americans had changed their clocks for the last time that November.

Instead, the proposal stalled in the House before reaching then-President Joe Biden.

[{"type":"text","text":"Now, four years later, Laursen believes Congress has another opportunity."}]

[{"type":"text","text":"\"It's fantastic news,\" he said Tuesday. \"I'm feeling hopeful.\""}]

Laursen said he hopes the Senate can "get something figured out" after unanimously approving a similar bill four years ago.

Asked what message he would send senators, Laursen said, "Let's do it," he said. "Trump wants it. I want it."

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Long-Running Debate"}]

Supporters of the legislation argue ending the twice-yearly clock changes would eliminate an unnecessary disruption while giving Americans more usable daylight after work and school.

House Energy and Commerce Committee Chairman Brett Guthrie, R-Kentucky, said permanent daylight saving time would improve traffic safety, strengthen the economy and give people "more time to exercise outside, visit family, attend concerts and sporting events."

"It also means more sunlight at the end of the day so Americans can return safely from work and children can return safely from school," Guthrie said.

[{"type":"text","text":"Not everyone agrees."}]

The American Academy of Sleep Medicine supports ending the twice-yearly clock changes but argues that Congress should instead adopt permanent standard time, saying it better aligns with the body's natural circadian rhythms and promotes healthier sleep.

If daylight saving time became permanent, Wyoming would experience later winter sunrises and later sunsets, leaving many children and commuters traveling before sunrise while extending daylight later into the evening.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Senate Faces Familiar Decision"}]

The legislation now heads to the Senate, which unanimously approved a similar version of the Sunshine Protection Act in 2022 before it stalled in the House.

[{"type":"text","text":"Its prospects this time are uncertain."}]

[{"type":"text","text":"Wyoming's congressional delegation is split on the issue."}]

While Hageman voted against the House bill, Sen. Cynthia Lummis has 

backed making daylight saving time permanent, calling the twice-yearly clock changes "an unnecessary disruption" and saying advances in technology have made the original reasons for changing clocks obsolete.

[{"type":"text","text":"Sen. John Barrasso has taken a more cautious position."}]

Last spring he told Cowboy State Daily, "Every time we have to change the clocks, I hear about this issue at home in Wyoming. 

"While it would certainly be easier to not have to change our clocks, there are some real concerns with sending our kids to school in the dark. Congress must thoroughly debate all of the potential impacts before taking any action to change daylight saving time on the national level."

Asked Tuesday about the bill's chances in the Senate, Barrasso 

, "We'll see. You know, we had passed something like that once before, and then the House hit the snooze alarm on it, and we'll see what happens when it gets here."

Even if the Senate approves the bill and Trump signs it into law, Wyoming would not immediately stop changing its clocks. 

The state's trigger law requires not only congressional approval, but also neighboring Mountain Time states to adopt permanent daylight saving time before Wyoming could make the switch.

Cowboy State Daily reached out to Barrasso's office Tuesday for additional comment on the House-passed legislation but did not receive a response before publication.

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Cowboy State Daily is Wyoming’s largest newspaper with Wyoming’s most experienced journalists. 

<title>House Passes Permanent Daylight Saving Time Bill, Hageman Votes Against | Cowboy State Daily</title>

The U.S. House passed a bill Tuesday to make daylight saving time permanent, but Rep. Harriet Hageman was one of only 22 Republicans who voted against it, arguing it would put schoolchildren in the dark and take morning sunlight from farmers and ranchers.

House Passes Permanent Daylight Saving Time Bill, Hageman Votes Against

Headshot of Cowboy State Daily's business and tourism reporter, Renée Jean

Renée Jean

CHEYENNE — Why can a project as massive as Microsoft’s planned 3,500-acre expansion avoid Wyoming’s Industrial Siting Council while wind farms and other major industrial facilities usually cannot?

The short answer is that Wyoming law exempts certain non-mineral processing facilities built in existing industrial or business parks designated by local governments from the state’s full siting review. 

That question, in one form or another, hung over more than five hours of testimony Monday night as the Cheyenne City Council considered a package of annexation and zoning ordinances tied to Microsoft’s next wave of data center growth on the city’s south side.

The biggest piece in the package was a 3,500-acre annexation called the Highlands, the largest annexation in Cheyenne history. 

Before Monday's vote, the property represented roughly 20% of the city’s existing footprint. The council approved the annexation on a 6-3 vote, with Councilmen Larry Wolfe, Mark Moody, and Pete Laybourn all opposed.

The approval hands control to Cheyenne over land-use, water, and sewer decisions for thousands of acres tied to Microsoft’s future plans.

Opponents argued the city was moving too quickly and surrendering leverage before the public had a fuller accounting of long-term impacts, while supporters said the annexation was necessary to secure investment and shape the city’s future.

Regulatory Workaround Or Just Business As Usual?

At the center of the dispute is a legal distinction that’s become increasingly important as Wyoming recruits hyperscale data centers. 

Under Wyoming statues, non-mineral processing facilities built in existing industrial parks designated by local governments are exempt from the Industrial Siting Act’s fee and certification procedures, though they must still furnish certain information to the state.

That means data centers in qualifying business park or industrial park settings can avoid the lengthy Industrial Siting Council Process that applies to many other large industrial developments. 

For critics of data centers, that’s a regulatory blind spot, while supporters see it as a system working as designed to avoid duplicative efforts when there’s already planned land for industrial use.

The distinction matters because it’s not a newly invented loophole or a data-center-specific workaround. 

It’s a standing feature of state law — even if that state law was crafted long before the huge data centers now being built.

Siting Council Wouldn’t Block Data Centers

Skipping the Industrial Siting Council review shaves as much as a year off construction timelines, as well as hundreds of thousands of dollars in additional regulatory costs.

If critics of data centers believe pushing those projects to the Industrial Siting Council will stop or block the projects, they’ll be disappointed, Rep. Cale Case, R-Lander, told Cowboy State Daily.

“The Industrial Siting Council doesn’t do what people think it (does),” he said. “You don’t have 10 projects and five get through and five don’t. All 10 are going to get through.”

What it will do is force additional accommodations to ensure they are “better neighbors.”

“Our laws are designed to let things happen, but try and minimize the impacts to other people,” Case said. “But there’s nothing that says you can’t do this if they follow the law and make the accommodations.”

One issue with that is that Wyoming’s Industrial Siting Act was created long before there were such massive data centers and is not really set up to handle data centers.

“Remember, data centers started off small. They were innocuous,” he said. "Now it’s suddenly a different animal. So they would undoubtedly meet the economic threshold, but they’re not considered an industrial facility.”

Another shortcoming, Case added, is that the law also doesn’t really have a mechanism for considering cumulative impacts.

“One area where the Industrial Siting law has clearly failed in my mind is the cumulative impacts problem,” he said. “Because it can do its analysis of each project piecemeal and the marginal impacts … are not deal breakers. 

"But yet, in the end, we have things like the wall of wind that people are talking about from Colorado to Converse County.”

Whether there’s any appetite to address such things isn’t yet clear. 

Case said he has not heard much talk about it himself, but expects that if such a measure is on the horizon, it will come up first in the Legislature’s Joint Revenue Committee.

That’s also where measures dealing with eliminating the manufacturing sales tax exemption would also come up.

“We should deal with this manufacturing sales tax exemption as it applies to them,” Case said. “Absolutely, we should deal with it. If they can afford to bring in fuel cells to produce electricity they can afford to pay sales tax on the servers.”

Concerns surfaced repeatedly during Cheyenne’s Monday night session, with opponents arguing the projects should receive broader, statewide scrutiny such as what the Industrial Siting Commission would provide. 

Among these voices was Laramie County Democratic Party Chair Ted Hanlon, who is a candidate for state Senate District 5. 

He told the council he does not believe the city is staffed, structured, or funded enough to act as an industrial regulatory body, which is how he sees the business park exemption functioning.

“I’m not opposed to data centers,” he added. “I’ve been trying to figure out how to get jobs in Cheyenne all my adult life.”

But allowing the exemption for such massive projects is creating a “regulatory blind spot.”

“Effectively, (it’s) allowing mega corporations to bypass the oversight of the Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality’s Industrial Siting Council,” he saiid. “Under Wyoming state law, massive industrial projects that exceed specific cost and infrastructure threshold are required to go through the IASC. This is a vital regulatory safeguard that’s been in place since 1975.”

The Siting Council helps ensure the impacts of a project are clear, whether those impacts are socio-economic or environmental, and also ensures there are community benefits agreements in place up front, to protect both local governments and taxpayers. 

“By approving this annexation without a fully realized master plan, you’re abdicating your duty to protect the public,” he said. “You’re giving up all of our leverage. Councilman Wolfe was entirely correct. Push for a dramatic reset and demand a formal community benefits agreement.”

Wolfe had earlier in the process proposed a delay to negotiate a $50 million community benefits agreement with Microsoft ahead of the annexation, a measure that was defeated.

“If these corporations want to create a huge footprint in our backyard, they must play by our rules, provide binding transparency, and directly mitigate the strain they place on our town,” Hanlon said. “Voting yes tonight sets a dangerous precedent that Cheyenne will compromise its own regulatory integrity for the promise of unquantified future tax revenues. 

"I urge you to vote no or postpone this ordinance until a full joint review can be conducted alongside the DEQ Industrial Siting Council.”

In later questioning, Hanlon said he’d work with lawmakers like Rep. Ann Lucas, R-Cheyenne, to remove data centers from the state’s exemption.

Lucas had spoken to the council prior to Hanlon, urging caution in its decision.

“This shouldn’t be instant-coffee decisions,” she said. “The people who choose to build homes there, they chose these homes in the past, deserve confidence that their quality of life has been carefully considered — traffic noise, lighting, future expansion, utility infrastructure, and just overall the cumulative effect of continued industrial growth all deserve thoughtful discussion.”

Rep. Daniel Singh, R-Cheyenne, outright said he opposes the annexation and further questioned the idea that data centers will attract people under the age of 30 to stay in Wyoming.

“When you look at polling of young people under age 30, they’re actually the most vehemently opposed to data centers themselves,” he said. “Over 50% if you look at Gallop polling, over 50% of young people are strongly opposed to data centers. 

"So to sit here and say … that we need to build these data centers so we can provide for the next generation and have the next generation stay in Wyoming and thrive — I would actually venture to say that’s the opposite of what would actually happen.”

A data center in the backyard for that age demographic would more likely be seen as a reason not to stay or move to Cheyenne, he added.

“This is campaign season, as you all know, and I’m not here to advocate for anybody in particular,” he added. “But as I’ve been going door to door, one of the consistent themes I’m hearing from my neighbors is that they came to Cheyenne for a particular atmosphere.”

The new developments run counter to that atmosphere, Singh said, and it’s already prompting some of them to move on, younger and older. 

“Many of them have said they sold their properties and are leaving town,” Singh said. “So the projected intention of gaining a new population, a new workforce, if that’s really what we intend to do, we need to look at the unintended consequences of building these things.” 

Singh also stressed that he’s not necessarily saying large computing centers should be barred. Rather, he wants to see it done more incrementally, with consideration for what the public has to say. 

“I just want to preface that with Article 10, Section Two of the Wyoming Constitution, which says that all powers and franchises of corporations are derived from the people and are granted by their agent the government, for the public good and general welfare,” Singh said. “And the right and duty of the state to control and regulate them for these purposes is hereby declared.”

For many residents who spoke against the Highlands annexation, the fight wasn’t just about processes or zoning categories. 

It was about trust after learning that a contractor working for Meta had 

contaminated the city’s wastewater system

. The incident prompted months of cleanup and compromised the city’s reuse water system, which is used for things like irrigating parks and golf courses. 

“Two months ago, I stood here to speak about the unknown health impacts of data centers here in Cheyenne,” Ward One resident Stacy Leach told the council. “I talked about the possibility of aerosolized bacteria and harsh chemicals entering our water supply. 

"As I shared my concerns, you sat here listening with the knowledge that it had already happened and you said nothing.”

Leach questioned why it took until July 9 to finally disclose that the industrial user had been connected to Meta. 

“You protected Meta,” she said. “You knew in February of this year that a Meta data center had compromised a highly used water system serving parks and golf courses where immunocompromised elderly people golf. 

"With your authorization, Mr. Mayor, the Board of Public Utilities shut down Cheyenne’s reclaimed water system due to concern that this rare,  untreatable, and deadly bacteria could become airborne. And you said nothing. You kept that information from the public.”

Collins told the crowd he had been notified in general terms that an incident had happened earlier in the spring, but that he did not receive full technical details right away and insisted there was no deliberate coverup. 

Board of Public Utilities Engineer Bryce Dorr said a detailed timeline is coming, along with answers to some of the public’s information requests. 

Supporters of the Highlands project focused on the long-term economic stakes.

While Wyoming’s average wages are fourth in the nation on paper at $82,000 per year, take out Teton County and the average drops significantly below the national average, Councilman Dr. Mark Rinne said. 

Councilman Ken Esquibel, meanwhile, talked in terms of watching his two daughters leave the state for better-paying job opportunities.

Stacy Balkin, who lives in Ward 2, said Microsoft data centers gave her a second chance and a new career. She’s watched the company work hard to be a “great neighbor” along the way.

“Since 2019, Microsoft data center investments have generated about $1.6 billion in economic activity, created thousands of local jobs, with more to come," she said. “They are the No. 1 taxpayer in Cheyenne and the No. 2 taxpayer in Laramie County.

“Since 2025 alone, Microsoft data centers have generated approximately $11 million in property tax revenue. That’s $11 million invested in our public services, which includes schools, infrastructure, and public safety.”

Lance Gold, who moved to Cheyenne 13 years ago for a job with Microsoft, said he and his family have grown to love Cheyenne, and said he sees it as a personal responsibility to ensure none of his company’s facilities do anything negative to the community or its environment.

“I have six kids that I brought here, and all six have stayed here,” he added. “My second, she moved away, went to school, and moved back. This has become home for my family of now nine.”

Microsoft, he added, goes above and beyond statutes and EPA requirements. 

“I know a lot of you might not agree with that, but that’s one of the things that I love about Microsoft,” he said. “I care deeply about the environment, about the water we have, and as I work with Microsoft as a build manager for these projects, for these data centers, I take it personally responsible to make sure we don’t pollute water, that our air is clean. 

"I’ve got skin in the game, and I’ve had skin in the game for over 13 years.”

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<title>Why Microsoft Can Skip State Review For 3,500 More Data Center Acres In Cheyenne | Cowboy State Daily</title>

Why can a project as massive as Microsoft’s planned 3,500-acre expansion avoid Wyoming’s Industrial Siting Council while wind farms and other major industrial facilities usually cannot? It’s not a loophole or a data-center-specific workaround. It's state law.

Why Microsoft Can Skip State Review For 3,500 More Data Center Acres In Cheyenne

Wyoming Life

Note: Gold Rush Days was held on July 11 - 12, 2026

On a hot July afternoon, the boom of an anvil blast rolls through South Pass City like distant thunder. The windows rattle, the chests shake, and a nervous border collie scrambles for cover under the knees of a kind stranger from Ireland, who has stumbled on this scene completely by accident.

Tom Murphy was just looking for a cooler spot in Wyoming to be than the 103 degrees forecast elsewhere. 

South Pass won at 87 degrees, and soon it had won his heart as well. He was loving what he saw. A place where history does not sit quietly behind glass. It explodes, it snorts, and it clanks, too. 

Sometimes, it even bolts — which almost happened when one gentleman’s hat blew under Randy Melton’s period-correct stagecoach, which was being pulled by four jet-black mules.

“Whoa up!” Melton said firmly, pulling back on the reins, urging the mules to stand still so the hat could be retrieved untrammeled. 

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"}],"text":"The mules weren’t having it, though. "}]

The owner of the wayward hat had to wait for the stagecoach to leave the area before he could retrieve his hat.

Fortunately, it was only slightly battered and dusty for the escapade. It was back in place before the clatter of mule hooves on hardpan had quite faded away. 

The people on the streets returned to their chatter, and Murphy marveled at the full-on sensory experience that chance had lured him to. He’d had no idea when he set out that he was about to visit one of the West’s best-preserved Gold Rush towns. 

A young woman named Elizabeth Isenhart was soon floating across the dusty street toward Murphy and the stagecoach area, wearing a satiny green ballgown and hoop skirt that rippled in the breeze. 

It was as if she’d stepped from a daguerreotype into the 21st century right before his eyes.

History was alive on the streets of South Pass City, a place of gold dust and dreams — though never enough gold to satisfy all those fevered dreams. 

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"}],"text":"History That You Can See And Touch"}]

Isenhart more typically avoids standing out, but South Pass City’s Gold Rush Days is an exception to the rule. It’s the one day of the year where she takes out her cloak of history and time travels to another era.

In a crowd full of cavalry uniforms and calico, her satiny mint green ball gown made her an instant celebrity.

Children asked if she was a princess. Strangers complimented her dress and asked for selfies. 

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"}],"text":"Isenhart, normally shy, eagerly complied."}]

The dress was a graduation gift from her mother to a high schooler obsessed with history. 

“I have always wanted an old-fashioned, hoop skirt — poofy dress,” she told Cowboy State Daily. “So that was her graduation present to me, making me one of those.”

Isenhart learned to love history in South Pass City as a fourth-grade girl. The first time her mother brought her, there was gold-panning by the riverside.

“She didn’t want to stop doing that,” her mother recalled with a chuckle. 

But there was so much more to do and see in South Pass City. 

“They had all this stuff going on,” she said. “Everyone’s dressed up. There were demonstrations.”

And there were exhibits, lots of exhibits, which started an endless stream of questions for her mother to answer.

“I’d be like, ‘Mom, why is this? Why is that?’ And she just explained to me how things were different back then.”

Teeny, tiny beds, for example, that two people would share. And stoves that sat so low to the floor, they were barely up to her waist. 

“It’s different than history class,” she said. “It’s being there, looking at it, and then having her say, ‘Yeah, this is how it all works. This is how it was.’”

Once a roaring gold capital, South Pass City, Wyoming, comes to life for one summer weekend every year for Gold Rush Days. There's cannon fire, gold panning, and guests who look the part in one of the West’s best-preserved Gold Rush towns. 