Daily Darwin

[{"type":"text","text":"Still head first, that’s gotta count for something…."}]

Darwin 9 17 25

Cowboy State Daily is Wyoming’s largest newspaper with Wyoming’s most experienced journalists. 

<title>Daily Darwin: Wednesday, September 17, 2025 | Cowboy State Daily</title>

Still head first, that’s gotta count for something….

Daily Darwin: Wednesday, September 17, 2025

 Still head first, that’s gotta count for something….

Heinz mark

Mark Heinz

Legislature

As demands increase for a dwindling supply of Colorado River water, the seven states that depend upon the river must keep talking to avoid lawsuits or federal intervention, Wyoming State Engineer Brandon Gebhart told lawmakers Thursday.

As it stands, there are rumblings that legal battles between states are imminent, Rep. Ken Chestek, D-Laramie, said during a meeting of the Legislature’s Select Water Committee in Cheyenne.

Gebhart appeared before the committee to give an update on Colorado River water. His remarks were informational and the committee took no action.

“I’ve heard talk about possible litigation between the Lower Basin states and the Upper Basin states, based on the recent federal EIS,” Chestek said while asking Gebhart his thoughts about the possibility.

“The best way to avoid it (litigation) is to get to an agreement among the seven states,” Gebhart answered. "Wyoming remains fully committed to that. I truly believe a seven-state agreement is much better than litigation or congressional intervention. Any time an EIS comes out, there is a potential for a whole host of folks or people or organizations to file suit.” 

But it’s too early to tell whether that could turn into lawsuits between states, he added.

“I don’t have a crystal ball. But I’m going to continue to try very hard to avoid that outcome. I don’t believe it’s the best,” said Gebhart, who represents Wyoming on the Upper Colorado River Commission.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Water Pulled From Flaming Gorge"}]

The U.S. Department of the Interior, through the Bureau of Reclamation, recently released its final Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for Colorado River operations, including plans for operations from 2027 to 2036.

That proposal doesn’t include any immediate cuts for the Upper Basin states: Wyoming, Colorado, Utah and New Mexico.

In the Lower Basin, Arizona Gov. Katie Hobbs said her state faces “Draconian” cuts under the plan.

The other Lower Basin States are Nevada and California.

Independent of federal moves, Wyoming is implementing voluntary water conservation measures in the upper Green River Basin, Gebhart said.

The Green River is one of the Colorado River’s primary tributaries, and feeds into Flaming Gorge Reservoir on the Wyoming-Utah state line.

A plan is still on track to pull an additional 1 million acre-feet from Flaming Gorge, from May to April 2027, to make up for shortages at Lake Powell on the Utah-Arizona state line, Gebhart said.

As of mid-July, about 239,000 acre-feet had been pulled from Flaming Gorge, he said.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"},{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Two-Year Plans"}]

The federal government is expected to release a record of a decision that would establish direction over operations, according to two-year operational plans, Gebhart said.

“We’re being told that these will come soon, but we are not provided a definition of what ‘soon’ is," Gebhart said.

Regarding perceptions of the “fairness” of the EIS as it applies to the Upper Basin versus Lower Basin, he said it’s important to remember the sections are managed differently.

In the Lower Basin, the Secretary of the Interior has direct control over reservoir releases and water deliveries, Gebhart said.

In the Upper Basin, policy is decided mostly by state law and according to water supplies, he said.

“I believe we should avoid measuring fairness by whether the action looks identical," Gebhart said. "Fairness is whether each basin is contributing through the authorities, responsibilities, operational tools and water supplies that actually exist.” 

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"},{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Grim Water Year"}]

This has been one of the lowest water years on record across much of the West, Gebhart said, and Wyoming has been no exception.

“Over 83% of the state is in severe or extreme drought,” he said. "Luckily, no parts of the state are under exceptional drought, as of right now.”

For the entire Colorado River basin, the supply remains low.

The 10-year average flow at Lees Ferry in Arizona was recently measured at roughly 81 million acre-feet, Gebhart said. 

Lees Ferry is considered the dividing line between the Upper and Lower Basins.

“The Lower Basin believes that it’s entitled to about 82.5 million acre-feet under the 1922 Colorado river compact. So, we will be dipping below what they think they’re entitled to under the compact,” he said.

Flaming Gorge Zach Holmes 8 6 26

<title>Legislators Warned That States Must Talk Or Face Lawsuits Over Colorado River | Cowboy State Daily</title>

The Wyoming state engineer told state legislators Thursday that if the seven Colorado River Basin states can’t come to terms over a dwindling water supply, lawsuits or federal intervention could result. "I don't think it's the best," he said.

Legislators Warned That States Must Talk Or Face Lawsuits Over Colorado River

Headshot of Cowboy State Daily's general assignment reporter, Clair McFarland.

Clair McFarland

Government & Politics

Politics

In a Thursday meeting of the State Board of Land Commissioners, Secretary of State Chuck Gray nearly voted against giving Tri-State Generation and Transmission permission to use a 298-foot access road in rural central Wyoming after voicing concerns about whether the company would use the road to advance any wind, solar or data center projects. 

Tri-State is a wholesale power supplier serving eight electric cooperatives in Wyoming including High Plains Power, Carbon Power and Light and Big Horn Rural Electric Company.

Tri-State applied for a five-year, temporary-use permit for a 288-foot access road in remote Natrona County for $250 a year.

The elected officials on the State Board of Land Commissioners and the public have access to these applications at least a week before each meeting.

Gray announced at the Thursday meeting in Cheyenne that he would vote no on the permit because he didn’t know if the access road involved any data centers, wind or solar projects.

After a lively debate about supplying irrigation power to farmers, Gray reversed course and voted yes to approve the permit.

Tri-State told Cowboy State Daily after the meeting that its application isn't tied to any potential projects. 

It was for access renewal into an existing Western Area Power Administration (WAPA) substation, where Tri-State keeps equipment for operational and grid reliability purposes, "that from time to time requires routine maintenance," the company said.

That substation also abuts one of Tri-State's own substations, serving High Plains Power, the company said. 

[{"type":"text","text":"'Futile Call To Essentially Stifle Capitalism'"}]

Conversation at the Thursday meeting turned to Tri-State’s request for access via a 288-foot route.

Gray had asked administrative staff if applicants were associated with data centers, wind energy or solar projects. He told Cowboy State Daily on Thursday that that “blanket” inquiry was due to his concerns that board members don’t have enough information.

Office of State Lands and Investments Director Stacia Berry said she’d reviewed the list for temporary-use permits. None appeared to be associated in any way with those projects, except for one unknown, she said.

“The only one I’d note is (the Tri-State application),” said Berry. “This is an access road. I can’t guarantee what all is associated with that access road.”

Berry said the office tried to contact Tri-State, but the company had no notice its access road application would come up as a standalone topic at the meeting.

[{"type":"text","text":"Gray asked to remove that application from the list."}]

State Auditor Krisi Racines granted his wish by moving the whole list without it.

“I’m going to vote no on this,” said Gray. “It might be fine. They (the office) reached out. They (Tri-State) didn’t respond. We don’t know.”

Gray said the board should “tighten things up here. I think it’s gotten too loose, and I’m going to be a no here.”

Gov. Mark Gordon noted that Tri-State is a significant power generator for multiple cooperatives that distribute power to Wyomingites.

Gray again said the board’s administrative office hadn’t heard back from Tri-State.

“I would just supplement that with, they’ve had about 35 minutes,” said Berry. “They didn’t anticipate needing to be present today.”

[{"type":"text","text":"Treasurer Curt Meier issued a warning."}]

“Impeding, you know, generation and power to me seems like a futile call to essentially stifle capitalism,” said Meier. “We need power in this state for economic development. Tri-State supplies power to practically every irrigator and farmer in the state.”

Meier warned of denying Tri-State access to power facilities “in this extreme drought area.”

[{"type":"text","text":"He shook his head. "}]

“I’m really grasping the utility of continuing this dialogue,” he said.

[{"type":"text","text":"Gray changed course, saying he would probably vote for the access route."}]

“But I just asked a simple question: is this tied to wind or solar. And we can’t get an answer,” he said. “I just think it’s really disturbing, to me.”

[{"type":"text","text":"Meier countered."}]

“At no time I think in the last decade or even in the last 10 minutes have I heard that wind and solar is illegal,” said Meier. “And I think trying to manage our economy on political ideology instead of law is troubling to me.”

[{"type":"text","text":"Gordon said he wanted to get back on track."}]

Superintendent of Public Instruction Megan Degenfelder called for the vote. When the other board members voted aye, Gordon turned to Gray and asked if he was choosing to abstain from the vote.

Gray gestured and said something the livestream audio didn’t capture clearly.  

[{"type":"text","text":"“He’s voting aye,” said Gordon."}]

[{"type":"text","text":"'It Became Clearer'"}]

Gray told Cowboy State Daily in his Thursday email that he changed course because Berry indicated the project was probably not linked to wind, solar or data center projects. He also said Gordon has a tendency to hide the nature of board matters, and that's an ongoing problem. 

he lack of information provided to Board members about these proposed projects has been deeply disturbing to me," said Gray. "That is why today I just asked in a blanket fashion whether any of the dozens of proposed Temporary Use permits for road access had any nexus to a wind, solar, or data center project.

"It was very concerning to me when the Director and the Governor appeared to not even know if any of the Temporary Use permits had anything to do with wind, solar, or data centers."

He said he ultimately voted for the access permit because Berry indicated it probably wasn't connected to wind, solar, or data center projects. 

"Because it became clearer the easement had nothing to do with wind, solar, or data center with the Director’s modified comments, I decided to support it," he said. 

The board's administrative arm, the Office of State Lands and Investments, noted Thursday that board members have a week to review materials before the meetings, and are given opportunities to ask questions of OSLI personnel. 

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"}],"text":"Gordon emphasized that also. "}]

, the governor added that Gray appeared unprepared and distracted by his phone in Thursday's meeting, falling short of what's expected of Wyoming elected officials. 

"Mr. Gray continues to show his inability to understand the issues before him and to work well with his colleagues," said Gordon. "The Secretary is sounding like a jackass in a tin barn."

Earlier in that meeting, the discussion turned to a 2.46-acre, 39-year easement request for which Enbridge Solar offered to pay a $56,235 one-time fee.

Gray asked the board to remove Enbridge’s application from a bigger list of easement applications by various companies.

Gordon asked the board three times if anyone would support Gray’s amendment. Silence followed.

[{"type":"text","text":"“Mr. Secretary, I’m sorry, that motion fails,” said Gordon."}]

[{"type":"text","text":"Degenfelder urged thoughtfulness."}]

“I know discussion is on this Enbridge Solar, but I think we should be cognizant we’re talking about access only,” said Degenfelder. “So when we start prohibiting access, we get ourselves into trouble.”

[{"type":"text","text":"Gray said he’d be voting no on the easements consent list."}]

“It’s just really unfortunate we weren’t able to have a discussion on the Enbridge Solar piece separately,” said Gray. “It’s linked to the data center south of town.”

Chuck Gray Curt Meier and substation 8 6 26

<title>Gray Changes Mind On Power Station Access After Spat With Curt Meier | Cowboy State Daily</title>

After Curt Meier said of State Chuck Gray's announced vote to block Tri-State Generation's access to a power substation would “essentially stifle capitalism,” Gray changed his mind. They supply "power to practically every irrigator and farmer in the state," Meier said.

Gray Changes Mind On Power Station Access After Spat With Curt Meier

Guest Column

Guest Columnists

[{"type":"text","text":"Wyoming doesn't need another politician who talks a good game. "}]

Wyoming needs someone who lives the values he preaches — someone who has built his life here, raised his family here, and proven through action, not just rhetoric, that he understands what makes this state great. 

[{"type":"text","text":"That person is Steve Friess, and he deserves your vote for Congress."}]

In a race where the word "conservative" gets tossed around like a campaign slogan, Steve Friess is the real thing. 

He believes in limited government, fiscal responsibility, and protecting the individual liberties that are the bedrock of our way of life. 

[{"type":"text","text":"Steve isn't conservative because a consultant told him it polls well. "}]

He's conservative because that's who he is — it's how he runs his household, how he approaches problems, and how he'll represent Wyoming in Washington. 

While others shift their positions to chase the political winds, Steve has been consistent. 

He stands firm on defending our Second Amendment rights, keeping the federal government out of decisions that belong to Wyoming, and ensuring that hardworking families keep more of what they earn.

But what truly sets Steve apart is that he isn't just running on ideology. 

[{"type":"text","text":"He's running because he loves this state and the people in it. "}]

Steve was not born in Wyoming, but he met his wife here, found God here, and raised a family here. He is truly Wyoming.

That connection to this place and its people shapes everything about how Steve approaches public service. 

He's not the kind of candidate who shows up at a town hall with a prepared script and a fake smile. Steve listens. Really listens. 

Whether he's sitting across the table from a rancher worried about federal land regulations, a small business owner struggling with red tape, or a parent concerned about the future of their local school, Steve takes the time to hear people out. 

[{"type":"text","text":"He asks questions. He takes notes. "}]

And then he goes to work looking for real, practical solutions — not flashy headlines, but the kind of steady, thoughtful problem-solving that actually makes a difference in people's lives.

[{"type":"text","text":"Washington is full of people who love the sound of their own voices. "}]

[{"type":"text","text":"Wyoming deserves someone who would rather hear yours. "}]

Steve Friess is a proven conservative, a devoted family man, and a leader who believes that representing the people starts with listening to them. 

On Election Day, send a message that Wyoming values substance over spectacle. Vote Steve Friess for Congress.

[{"type":"text","text":"Sen. Dan Dockstader, Senate District 16"}]

[{"type":"text","text":"Sen. Brian Boner, Senate District 3"}]

[{"type":"text","text":"Sen. Jared Olson, Senate Distrct 8"}]

Mix Collage 06 Aug 2026 05 24 PM 7772

<title>Guest Column: Why We're Endorsing Steve Friess For U.S. House | Cowboy State Daily</title>

Wyoming State Sens. Dockstader, Boner & Olsen write, "On election Day, send a message that Wyoming values substance over spectacle. Vote Steve Friess for Congress."

Guest Column: Why We're Endorsing Steve Friess For U.S. House

Wildlife

A Yellowstone bull bison with a gigantic abscess on its right rear quarter probably isn’t suffering much pain and will likely survive, one of the county’s top bison ranchers says.

But the recovery process is going to be good, said Ken Klemm, past president and a lifelong member of the National Bison Association.

After seeing a photo of the bison, taken early Wednesday in Yellowstone National Park’s Lamar Valley, Klemm said a gushing rupture of the abscess is imminent.

“It looks like a 5-gallon bucketful of stuff will come out of that one,” Klemm, who has managed some of the world’s largest bison ranches, told Cowboy State Daily.

The abscess probably formed around a wound, he said.

The bison rut, or mating season, is on in Yellowstone. The bull might have suffered a puncture during a fight with another bull, Klemm said.

Lauri Foster lives just outside of New York City and loves coming to Wyoming to visit Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks.

Early Wednesday, she was on a wildlife-viewing drive through the Lamar Valley when she spotted the bull sporting a huge, bulbous mass near its backside.

Foster works with horses and is familiar with injuries to large animals, so she knew what she saw on the bison must be something serious.

“I thought it had to be a hematoma or an abscess,” she told Cowboy State Daily.

Foster couldn’t see any visible cuts or sores that might indicate exactly where it was wounded, she said.

To keep safe, Foster stayed in her vehicle to photograph that bull and other bison.

The bulls were raising a ruckus as they competed for mating rights.

“They were headbutting each other and chasing each other down,” Foster said.

The bull with the abscess was taking a break, though she surmised he had probably been recently wounded in a fight.

She added that despite how hideous that abscess looked, the bull didn’t seem sick or weak.

“He was walking along normally,” she said.

The rut has made bull bison extra agitated lately. In the most dramatic incident, a bison flipped and seriously injured Washington state resident Carl Isom-McDaniel, 65, in July.

Foster said at one point the bull walked up the middle of the road and stopped directly in front of her vehicle, giving her the stink-eye.

“I was thinking, ‘this is a little intimidating,’” she said.

Bull elk are known for getting into epic battles once their rut starts, usually in September.

Bison take it to another level, Klemm said.

“They’re worse than elk. If the loser doesn’t get away, the other bull will kill him,” he said.

The National Park Service has a general policy of letting nature take its course with animals’ injuries.

Klemm said the bull with the super-sized abscess has a good chance of making it.

“The infection is just raging in there,” he said. "The immune system is keeping that bison from dying, just from walking around with that much infectious material in its body.

“I suspect it will burst fairly soon and he’ll get over it. Bison have unbelievably good immune systems for things like this.” 

Bison abcess 8 6 26

<title>Bison Rancher: Yellowstone Bull With Gigantic Abscess Will Be OK Once It Gushes | Cowboy State Daily</title>

A massive abscess on a Yellowstone bull bison’s right rear quarter likely is the result of an infected wound from a rut battle. When it ruptures, “a 5-gallon bucketful of stuff” will gush out, a top bison rancher says, adding the bison should be fine.

Bison Rancher: Yellowstone Bull With Gigantic Abscess Will Be OK Once It Gushes

Employee kate meadows cropped

Kate Meadows

Energy

A $500 million solar project expected to generate an estimated $157 million in property tax revenue for Converse County is seeking to spin off 409 acres of its planned site for a natural gas power plant.

The request marks a significant shift for the Dutchman Solar and Storage Project north of Glenrock, which prompted Converse County commissioners this week to ask the Wyoming Industrial Siting Council to take another look at the project before construction moves forward.

A hearing is scheduled for Sept. 2 in Cheyenne, Converse County Commissioner Trent Kaufman told Cowboy State Daily.

The Dutchman project would be Wyoming's second-largest solar development, behind the giant $1.2 Enbridge 

to produce more than 770 megawatts of power when it reaches full build-out.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Market Opportunity"}]

According to Scott Bolton, a spokesperson for Florida-based BrightNight LLC, the company behind the Dutchman Solar Project, the proposed gas-fired facility would be developed by a BrightNight subsidiary if it receives the required state and local approvals.

"The project came about because of a market opportunity for gas generation identified by BrightNight, and we are excited about the opportunity for investment and new jobs in Wyoming," Bolton told Cowboy State Daily in an email.

The proposed Deer Creek Natural Gas Generation Project would produce an estimated 255 megawatts of electricity.

BrightNight spokesman Donald Millar told county commissioners that the solar project and gas plant are separate developments.

"If the 409 acres are released, it will allow BrightNight to study the development and permitting of a natural gas generating facility while at the same time maintain the construction and operation of the Dutchman Solar and Storage project," Bolton said.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"New Proposal Raises New Questions"}]

While the request would reduce the footprint of the solar project, county officials say it remains unclear whether it would also reduce the amount of electricity the solar facility is expected to produce.

"The question we asked, and they weren't certain of, is if the power generation will decrease," Kaufman said.

Bolton also did not answer Cowboy State Daily's question about whether the smaller project would generate less electricity.

Kaufman said his biggest question centers on the proposed natural gas plant's water needs.

"My big concern is if the power generation facility would use water," he said. "And if so, where is that water going to come from?"

He emphasized that the gas plant remains in the earliest stages of planning and that a lot that has to happen before those questions can be answered.

[{"type":"text","text":"\"It's extremely preliminary,\" Kaufman said. "}]

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Delayed Construction"}]

The Dutchman Solar Project calls for a 500-megawatt solar facility on approximately 4,738 acres of private ranchland owned by sheep producer Casey Tillard along the North Platte River north of Glenrock. BrightNight has promoted the project as an example of "agrivoltaics," with solar panels installed high enough to allow sheep to continue grazing.

Tillard did not respond to Cowboy State Daily's requests for comment before publication.

Construction had been expected to begin this summer. However, Converse County Commissioner Rick Grant said the timeline has been delayed because BrightNight has not yet finalized how the project will connect to the electrical grid or identified the ultimate purchaser for its power.

Bolton said construction is now expected to begin in the third quarter of 2027, with completion anticipated in 2029.

He did not respond to questions about whether the company has secured a power purchaser or finalized its transmission plans.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Clearing Up Rumors"}]

Kaufman said he took to social media before the county's public hearing this week to counter speculation about what was being proposed.

Rumors had circulated that the county was considering a data center or a wind energy project, he said.

Public hearings are already listed on the county's online meeting agendas, but Kaufman said he wanted to make sure residents had accurate information before misinformation spread further.

At 500 megawatts, the Dutchman Solar Project under development in Converse County would be Wyoming’s second largest. Now the Florida-based company behind it also wants to build a natural gas power plant near Glenrock.

Daily Darwin: Wednesday, September 17, 2025

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