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[{"type":"text","text":"Rabbit vs tortoise....."}]

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Cowboy State Daily is Wyoming’s largest newspaper with Wyoming’s most experienced journalists. 

<title>Today In Racing: Tuesday, July 1, 2025 | Cowboy State Daily</title>

Rabbit vs tortoise.....

Today In Racing: Tuesday, July 1, 2025

Headshot of Cowboy State Daily's general assignment reporter, Clair McFarland.

Clair McFarland

Government & Politics

Politics

counties on Thursday that a 4% cap on yearly increases in residential property taxes is unconstitutional, and the counties shouldn’t let taxpayers have that exemption.

The State Equalization Board will refuse to certify this year’s property tax assessment figures if counties keep that cap on them, the report says.

The board’s two-person majority — Chair Jayne Mockler and Vice-Chair Marty Hardscog — wrote in the Thursday report that the 4% increase cap for residential property taxes has arbitrary impacts across the state. 

It also disproportionately insulates high-end homes, and disfavors homeowners in more sluggish market areas, the report asserts.

But the report’s main point, and conclusion from the past two years’ tax data, is that the 4% cap violates the Wyoming Constitution’s call for equal and uniform property taxes within each class of property.

The board hasn’t yet issued an order requiring Wyoming’s county assessors to rework their pending tax bills without the cap.

But it expects to do so in the coming weeks after working with counties, Mockler told Cowboy State Daily in a Thursday phone interview.

“We issued this report today that says if that cap doesn’t come off, Marty and I can’t vote to certify residential property taxes. Because they’re not uniform,” said Mockler. “It’ll be followed with an order ... (and) our goal is ultimately to remove the cap.”  

Mockler noted that the board isn’t targeting the other, narrower exemptions with this report — like the 25% property tax cut passed in 2025 or the long-term homeowner exemption.

More than half of the state’s residential property tax values fall under the 4% increase cap, the report says.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"But We Don’t Get A Tax Free Year"}]

This kind of push from the state board is unprecedented, Converse County Assessor Dixie Huxtable told Cowboy State Daily on Thursday.

But Wyomingites shouldn’t expect a tax-free year over the maneuver, she said.

“Everyone’s in agreement there will be residential property taxes for 2026,” she said. “This … is just a step in the process of getting different values the board feels is appropriate.”

The pending mandate leaves Wyoming counties somewhere between following the 4% cap requirement in state law and following another state law that tells assessors to obey the state board, she said.  

“You’re asking us to go against the law? Under the law we have to apply the 4% cap and you’re saying we can’t,” she reflected from the report.

[{"type":"text","text":"“It’s so bizarre it’s funny,” Huxtable added. "}]

She said she was digesting the report Thursday afternoon, and had just been to a phone meeting with the board officials, assessors, and county attorneys.

Two days earlier on Tuesday, Huxtable had just urged the Legislature’s Joint Revenue Committee to approach more changes to the state’s property tax law with caution, because assessors are always trying to keep up with the many changes lawmakers have brought in recent years.

Assessors are at the mercy of state law and are working hard to follow it, she’d said.  

Reflecting on the board’s Thursday report, Huxtable told Cowboy State Daily that assessors are now trying to gain clarification on what to do in the coming weeks.

“We’re on standby,” she said, adding that from her meeting with the board, her impression is, “They’d be tickled pink to go to court” on this issue.

Wyoming Attorney General Keith Kautz said Thursday that he doesn’t know of any litigation on this currently, “but if there is a challenge, we will support what the Legislature did.”

Rep. Barry Crago, R-Buffalo, who has since become a state senator, was the sponsor on the main bill the board’s Thursday report derides as unconstitutional.

Crago did not return a Thursday afternoon voicemail request for comment by publication.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Different Homes, Different Taxes"}]

The board’s report points to inconsistencies across the Wyoming property tax structure.

People who upgrade their homes by changing the footprint of those homes lose the cap exemption to a reset that year, while people who upgrade only the interior do not, says the report.

It says some homes have had their tax bills so thoroughly capped, they’re paying less than half of the state-mandated property tax rate.

“The caps, by design, generate highly disparate tax consequences for 

It accuses the law of discriminating arbitrarily between different homeowners across Wyoming.

“The demarcation between taxpayers receiving a tax windfall, versus those who do not, serves no rational basis,” the document adds.

Rep. Liz Storer, D-Jackson, told Cowboy State Daily on Thursday that she had voted for the 4% tax cap during the tax hikes of 2024. But she views the law as more of a short-term fix. 

"It was a tourniquet; it was a short-term fix," she said. "Butif you leave the tourniquet on, you damage the body." 

Storer's home region of Teton County accounts for huge property tax revenues in Wyoming. She has tried over the years to get lawmakers to stop applying property tax breaks to people's secondary homes. 

Of the $860.2 million in exemptions the 4% cap is expected to cause this year, Teton County accounts for $507.9 million, says a Department of Revenue memo Storer sent to Cowboy State Daily. 

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"The Lawsuit That Wasn’t"}]

The board warned lawmakers before the 4% cap bill’s passage that board members believed it’s unconstitutional.

 “the die was cast,” says the report.

The board examined the residential assessment values and looked for inverted valuations, that is where higher-valued properties were assessed at lower taxable values than other, similarly situated properties.

The board during the 2025 tax calculation process had just two members, Mockler and Hardscog. They voted that year to certify the tax values, but said that those values were probably invalid. Still, they wanted to gather one more year of data to be sure, the report says.

They also planned to release a Nov. 13, 2025, order requiring assessors to stop giving the exemption.

Gov. Mark Gordon’s office asked the board not to issue that order, the report says.

In November and early December, the governor’s office and Wyoming Attorney General’s Office met with Hardscog and Mockler to talk about filing an action asking a court to judge the issue.

The governor’s office and AG’s office agreed the state board should file that court action, the report says.

The litigation was slated to be filed Jan. 20. Gordon’s office asked for multiple delays, at first to communicate the lawsuit with legislative leaders. 

When Gordon’s office asked for another delay two days later, Hardscog and Mockler said they wouldn’t certify the property tax values after the June tax calculation process, “without a working resolution of their constitutional concerns,” says the report.

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<title>Wyoming Tax Board Says 4% Cap On Property Tax Is Unconstitutional, Won't Accept It | Cowboy State Daily</title>

Wyoming’s state-level property tax board told counties on Thursday that a 4% cap on yearly increases in residential property taxes is unconstitutional and it will refuse to certify this year's property tax assessment figures if the cap remains.

Wyoming Tax Board Says 4% Cap On Property Tax Is Unconstitutional, Won't Accept It

Heinz mark

Mark Heinz

The Clinton-era Roadless Rule on U.S. Forest Service lands, already under threat of being rescinded by the Trump administration, will be erased completely if Wyoming Republicans U.S. Sen. John Barrasso and Rep. Harriet Hageman get their way.

Sen. Mike Lee, R-Utah, has attached an amendment to Barrasso’s Wildfire Prevention Act of 2026, calling for the Roadless Rule to be nullified.

The Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources on Wednesday passed Lee's amendment and forwarded the bill.

On the U.S. House side in May, Hageman introduced her Roadless Rule Nullification Bill.

Both Hageman’s bill and Lee’s amendment call for the 2001 U.S. Forest Service Roadless Rule to be nullified, with no possibility of it ever being reintroduced.

The Roadless Rule has forbidden new road construction on national forests across Wyoming’s high country. It’s also similarly prevented new road construction on 45 million acres of national forest lands across the West, and up to 60 million acres nationwide.

In August 2025, U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Brooke Rollins and U.S. Forest Service Chief Tom Schultz announced the first step toward rescinding the rule, as directed by the Trump administration.

A decision is still pending on Trump’s call to repeal the rule.

Hageman and others who support eliminating the Roadless Rule argue that the rule has hampered sound forest management and wildfire prevention.

Environmentalists and sportsmen’s groups balk at the idea of erasing the Roadless Rule. They claim it protects some of Wyoming’s most pristine areas, with top-notch hunting and angling opportunities.

Congressional moves against the Roadless Rule complement and bolster the Trump administration’s efforts to rescind it, according to Hageman and Barrasso.

“I have been fighting the Roadless Rule since the day it was handed down in the final 10 days of the Clinton administration,” Hageman said in a Thursday statement to Cowboy State Daily.

“The 25 years since have demonstrated how the prohibitions on roads across nearly 60 million acres of federal lands has been an environmental catastrophe as predicted,” she said. "I am glad to see the Senate take positive steps towards this devastating rule’s permanent repeal.”

Barrasso shares Hageman’s concerns about the impact the rule has had over the past 25 years.

“Senator Barrasso has been publicly opposed to the Clinton Roadless Rule for decades. He applauded Secretary Rollins and the Trump administration for rescinding this rule last year,” according to a statement from Barrasso’s office Thursday to Cowboy State Daily.

“This amendment would codify the administration’s efforts to rescind this outdated rule, while also respecting states’ rights to create their own rules,” the statement says.

The Roadless Rule has long been controversial. In June 2025, Hageman blasted it, saying it leaves Wyoming more 

Vast roadless areas prevent the removal of swaths of dead timber and other wildfire fuel, Hageman said. And a lack of roads makes it difficult for firefighting crews to reach remote areas when blazes break out.

However, some sportsmen’s and outdoor groups claim the Roadless Rule protects some of Wyoming’s greatest outdoor treasures.

"Repealing the Roadless Rule would affect 45 million acres of our country’s National Forests,” said the Outdoor Alliance. "These are the places we ride, hike, bike, ski, and climb, and they help protect clean air and water across the country.”

The Outdoor Alliance disagrees with Hageman and Barrasso, saying that “roadless areas also allow for active management of wildfire.”

The Wilderness Society goes further, calling the legislation “bad news” in a Wednesday statement.

“A new bill introduced by Senator John Barrasso (WY) and backed by Senator Mike Lee (UT) would strike down protections for 45 million acres of national forests by nullifying the Roadless Area Conservation Rule,” the group says in a statement. 

The bill “masquerades as a solution to the wildfire crisis, but would make matters worse by overthinning naturally resilient forests and increasing the risk of human ignitions when wildland firefighting forces are already stretched thin by the administration’s reckless cuts,” the Wilderness Society says.

Roadless areas are vital to Western hunting and angling, Devin O’Dea, the Western policy and conservation manager for Backcountry Hunters and Anglers, previously told Cowboy State Daily. 

“These are places we know are really valuable from a hunting and fishing perspective,” he said. 

Retired U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service grizzly bear biologist Chris Servheen is a vocal supporter of the Roadless Rule.

Speaking during a May rally Washington, D.C., Servheen said that rescinding the rule is bound to 

That, in turn could derail efforts to delist grizzlies from federal Endangered Species protection in the Lower 48, he said.

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<title>Amended Barrasso Bill Would Erase Clinton-Era Roadless Rule | Cowboy State Daily</title>

The Clinton-era Roadless Rule on U.S. Forest Service lands will be erased if Wyoming Republicans U.S. Sen. John Barrasso and Rep. Harriet Hageman get their way. “I have been fighting the Roadless Rule since the day it was handed down,” said Hageman.

Amended Barrasso Bill Would Erase Clinton-Era Roadless Rule

Headshot of Cowboy State Daily's business and tourism reporter, Renée Jean

Renée Jean

Business & Tourism

Business

CHEYENNE — There was a seismic shift months ago behind the scenes with Wyoming’s largest data center development, Project Jade. 

Crusoe, the company that was constructing the buildings for the massive 2.7-gigawatt data center, packed up its stuff and left.

The exit happened quickly and quietly, without the fanfare of press releases and company statements that had preceded the project, which at buildout would use nearly triple the power consumption of the entire state of Wyoming. 

Crusoe’s about face was so quiet, in fact, that few people outside the project even realized anything had happened at all.

That was until Tuesday, when the company was quoted in passing in a Bloomberg article saying that its data center client had asked Crusoe to pause construction of Project Jade, even as the company announced another 5 gigawatts worth of data center infrastructure for Crusoe Cloud. 

Crusoe’s statement made it seem as though Project Jade itself might be on hold or looking for a new partner, but nothing could be further from reality, officials for partner Tallgrass Energy told Cowboy State Daily on background. 

Work on Project Jade never stopped — not even for a minute — following Crusoe’s exit roughly two months ago, Cowboy State Daily was told Wednesday morning. 

Tallgrass officials are now working directly with the data center client and have been “full steam ahead” since Crusoe’s exit.

Black Hills Corp., the parent company of Black Hills Energy, meanwhile released a statement to the same effect, saying that the data center project has not been on pause.

“We remain committed to supporting the project’s data center customer and delivering the infrastructure necessary to meet their long-term energy needs,” President and CEO Linn Evans said. “The project has not been paused and continues to represent a significant opportunity for the company. Our efforts remain fully directed toward successfully delivering the project.”

Black Hills Corp’s statement added that its Wyoming subsidiary, Black Hills Energy, agreed in April to procure long lead-time generation equipment with the prospective customer to support the project, which will be served under Wyoming’s large-load tariff. 

“The customer has provided over $200 million in refundable contributions in aid of construction to date in support of milestone payments to secure generation equipment,” the statement says. “Additionally, the company executed a substation agreement with the large-load customer, and filed a CPCN (Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity) for a substation to support the project in January 2026.”

Project Jade, located in the Switchgrass Industrial Park along Highway 85 south of Cheyenne, is the largest data center yet announced in Wyoming and has received widespread attention because of that. 

Initially, the data center was announced as a 1.8-gigawatt facility. Later, during a Laramie County Commission meeting, company officials said the 

 — almost three times what the entire state of Wyoming uses when it comes to power. 

The facility can ultimately scale to 10 gigawatts of capacity.

Project Jade has always planned to build its own power, which company officials said avoids burdening the local power grid. It will also use a closed-loop system to cool its servers to minimize water use.

The closed-loop system will take an initial 20 households worth of water to fill, company officials have told Laramie County commissioners, and will come from aquifers far below those that supply water to residents of Laramie County and Cheyenne. 

Annual water use will be around three households, once the closed-loop system is filled.

Project plans show five buildings of up to 800,000 square feet. These will have their own onsite wastewater treatment and septic systems.

The company’s efforts to mitigate impact to the community do not stop at water and power. It also included building new roads into its facility to relieve pressure on existing routes, as well as a $2.9 million commitment to help the city of Cheyenne build affordable housing.

The company doesn’t plan to use man camps to house construction workers. Instead, it plans to use a range of local housing, including long- and short-term rentals, hotels and motels, RV accommodations, and other solutions. 

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"},{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Three Projects In One"}]

What the public has been calling Project Jade has actually always been three distinct but intertwined projects, Tallgrass officials said.

There was the power plant itself, a natural-gas-fired facility that includes large turbine generators and fuel-cell systems, which is what Tallgrass is developing. 

That is now being referred to by the company as the Cheyenne Power Hub. 

There are the data center buildings, which are essentially warehouse-like shells that will one day hold the racks of computing power for the unnamed data center client. 

That was in Crusoe’s court as the data center client who will eventually use all the computing capacity that’s built out in the data center.

Crusoe’s exit, which happened early this year, changes just one thing in all of that, Tallgrass officials said — the eventual sign on the buildings.

Everything else has stayed functionally the same, including the client. 

Dirt work at the site has already begun, Tallgrass officials say, leading up to construction of the power plant itself, which is the longest lead-time item. 

Work on the power generators is expected to ramp up this summer and will be brought on in phases. The first available phase is expected to begin operating sometime in 2027.

Service to the data center client is targeted for early 2028, after which the project is expected to create more than 100 permanent jobs.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"},{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Who Is Tallgrass"}]

Tallgrass has long operated large-scale, multi-commodity infrastructure, including more than 10,000 miles of pipeline and energy-related assets across 14 states.

The company has been in Wyoming for the past 10 years, where it has its third largest employee base at more than 200 existing employees. It operates more than 3,000 miles of natural gas, crude oil, water, and carbon dioxide pipelines.

Some of its infrastructure includes carbon dioxide wells for carbon capture, including some assets that are in the vicinity of Project Jade. The carbon capture capabilities have been touted as a vital element of building out the data center.

In the last three years, Tallgrass has invested almost a billion dollars into Wyoming’s economy. Its investment on Project Jade dwarfs that at $7 billion.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"},{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Crusoe Still Busy"}]

No one is saying publicly why Crusoe left the project, or whether the data center client is the one who asked them to leave.

Crusoe did not respond to Cowboy State Daily inquiries about its exit, and Tallgrass officials said they learned of Crusoe’s public statements the same way everyone else did — by reading about it in Bloomberg’s article.

While the reasons Crusoe exited the project remain unclear, one thing that isn’t unclear is just how busy Crusoe is right now.

Even after stepping away from Project Jade, Crusoe has more than 40 gigawatts worth of projects either in its total development pipeline or under active negotiation, according to its website. 

Its Bloomberg comments, meanwhile, came with an announcement of 5 more gigawatts for the Crusoe Cloud.

The company is widely expected by industry experts to go public and has been actively working on a pre-IPO funding round north of $10 billion.

Carson Kearl, a data center analyst for energy data analyst Enverus, said more dance steps are ahead for the data center space.

“There are a bunch of these Crusoe-like developers across the Lower 48 with announced projects of significant scale and capacity,” he told Cowboy State Daily. “I would say a majority of them do not have a publicly disclosed tenant or an off taker. 

"Our view is the reason they don’t have those disclosed is because they don’t have them, period.”

Kearl has been tracking data center capacity in various stages of discussion across the nation and said he expects as much as 80% to 85% of the projects to get canceled purely as a function of "supply chain constraints on the data center side of things, like how many chips are actually available between now and about 2030.”

Wyoming, as a state with lots of wide-open space and abundant energy, meanwhile, is well-positioned, to capture the real projects, Kearl added. 

In the race to build out data centers and capture market share first, Wyoming offers exactly what these companies want. 

“The ability to do behind-the-meter projects in an area where you would have faster interconnection times or power timelines … is super attractive,” Kearl said. “Everyone’s kind of working to try and make that faster, to level the playing field.”

Building your own power is not an inexpensive tactic, however.

“You’ll be well into the $100-plus-a-megawatt-hour range,” he said. “And then if you layer in the CCS (carbon capture and sequestration), it would probably be even higher, into the mid-$100 range.”

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<title>Partner Pulling Out Doesn’t Slow Huge 2.7GW Cheyenne Project Jade Data Center | Cowboy State Daily</title>

Crusoe, a founding partner in the huge 2.7-gigawatt Project Jade data center near Cheyenne, quietly pulled out months ago. That hasn’t slowed the project, which is going “full steam ahead,” remaining partner Tallgrass Energy told Cowboy State Daily.

Partner Pulling Out Doesn’t Slow Huge 2.7GW Cheyenne Project Jade Data Center

Ken Buck

Opinion

CSD Columnists

Last month, I had the chance to attend my alma mater's 45th reunion. Besides the reminder of how old I have gotten, or how stiff my knees are, it was an enjoyable and memorable trip down memory lane. 

As with most college reunions, the university did not miss the opportunity to solicit donations from its graduates -- giving that helps maintain the "margin of excellence," as its marketing materials put it.

While I can appreciate the school's interest in soliciting graduates to fatten its coffers, I was struck by the lengths that our country's hallowed institutions of higher learning go to protect their enormous endowments. 

These college presidents appear to believe that there is a special right reserved for elite institutions to receive the highest rate of returns on their investments and pay the lowest tax rates on those profits.

In many ways, colleges these days look more like major corporations rather than not-for-profit places of learning. The top 20 richest colleges -- all but three of which are private -- sit atop over $500 billion of savings. 

Harvard's and Yale's combined endowments alone total nearly $100 billion, more than the annual GDP of some countries.   

Unlike private businesses, however, these schools enjoy cush tax breaks that allow them to shield their money from the government. 

The wealthiest colleges pay a mere 8% tax rate on the profits that the endowments make from their investments. Compare that to the average corporate rate of 21%. 

At the same time, universities receive significant handouts from the government in the form of federal grants. 

The eight Ivy League schools alone collectively received over $6 billion in grants annually. While ostensibly intended to advance important research, these giveaways often pump taxpayers' money into the left's radical DEI agenda. 

Under former President Joe Biden, the U.S. Department of Education doled out more than $40 million to promote a diversity program. In 2024, the City University of New York received $19 million for its "equity center." 

Why should hardworking families, many of whom cannot afford to attend these uber expensive institutions, be on the hook for funding their liberal ideology? It seems obvious to me that these wealthy schools should contribute to our country's economy, not the other way around.

When I was in school, my alma mater's informal motto was, "In the nation's service," and other schools similarly shroud themselves in patriotism, especially when it comes to fundraising. 

One would assume then that they would gladly pay a fair rate on their tremendous profits. Instead, they fight tooth and nail to protect those gains while hoarding every dollar of federal grants that they can get their hands on. 

Schools spend lavishly to protect their darling status. Last year major research universities spent $38 million lobbying federal policymakers, more than a 30% increase over the previous year.

President Donald Trump has not shied away from pulling back the curtain on federal funding to hold schools more accountable to students and weed out the liberal wokeism that is pervasive at most colleges today. 

In addition to the president's focus on some of the nation's most prominent universities, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act finally raised taxes on the profits earned by these large endowments from a paltry 1.4% to the 8% noted above.

One can guess why colleges upped their lobbyist spending last year -- they did not want their precious nest eggs to be targeted. It's nimbyism in academia.

Our national debt -- which exceeded the size of the U.S. economy this year for the first time since immediately after World War II -- is spiraling out of control. 

Getting on a sustainable path to pay it down will require greater tax revenue alongside real spending cuts. No sector should be excused, especially not the liberal bastions of higher education.

That's the trouble, though. Like lawmakers in Washington -- who are utterly reluctant to cut federal programs, even as they drive our country deeper into the poorhouse -- no college or university wants its ox to be gored.

If academia chooses to use patriotic slogans in its marketing materials, then it should help get our national debt onto a sustainable trajectory and pay its share of taxes. 

Why should liberal schools be rewarded for peddling their woke ideology while the government forces ordinary Americans to pay a higher tax rate on their investment returns? 

Democrats rally around their "tax the rich" mantra. If they are serious about it, they should start with higher education. Of course, they won't, because these schools are purveyors of their liberal orthodoxy. 

But Republicans should follow Trump's lead and finally hold academia to my old school's motto: in the nation's service.

Ken Buck received his law degree from the University of Wyoming and served in the United States House of Representatives from 2015-2024 representing Colorado's 4th congressional district. He now serves as a Fellow with the Independent Center.

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<title>Ken Buck: It's Time to Stop Shielding College Endowments | Cowboy State Daily</title>

Columnist Ken Buck writes, "Colleges these days look more like major corporations rather than not-for-profit places of learning. The top 20 richest colleges -- all but three of which are private -- sit atop over $500 billion of savings."

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