Daily Darwin

[{"type":"text","text":"It's that time of year again. Time to bring this guy back...."}]

Darwin 11 4 24

Cowboy State Daily is Wyoming’s largest newspaper with Wyoming’s most experienced journalists. 

<title>Daily Darwin: Monday, November 4, 2024 | Cowboy State Daily</title>

It's that time of year again. Time to bring this guy back....

Daily Darwin: Monday, November 4, 2024

 It's that time of year again. Time to bring this guy back....

Heinz mark

Mark Heinz

Wildlife

Agriculture

With countless miles of rusty old fences threatening pronghorn and other wildlife across Wyoming, conservationists say devices called wire winders are giving them an edge.

A wire winder mounted on a skid steer can roll up a half-mile of old fence in about two minutes, a task that would probably take a half-day to accomplish by hand, said John Graves, director of conservation and resource management for the Sheridan Community Land Trust.

“It’s pretty darn cool,” he told Cowboy State Daily. “To sit there in the cab of the skid steer and watch that wire come in, it’s great.”

The importance of removing old barbed wire and woven-wire fences can’t be overstated, said Steve Martin, Wyoming director of the North American Pronghorn Association.

Old fences can block pronghorn from reaching thousands of acres of habitat in the Red Desert and other places in Wyoming and Montana, Martin told Cowboy State Daily.

There are countless miles of fence that must be removed and replaced with wildlife-friendly fencing, he said.

Bringing wire winders to bear “is a game changer” in that daunting task, Martin said.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"},{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Short Work By Sheridan"}]

The Sheridan Community Land Trust manages the Big Goose Natural Area, just west of the city.

The area includes an off-leash dog-walking trail for residents and cattle ranching, as well as ideal habitat for pronghorn and other wildlife, Graves said.

The problem was that about a mile and a half of old barbed wire and woven-wire fence was making it nearly impossible for pronghorn to get in, he said.

The land trust had a contractor, Black Fern Fencing, lined up to replace it with wildlife-friendly fence in early July. But the old fence had to come out first.

“Rolling up all of that wire by hand takes hours and hours, and it will get you all cut and scraped up,” Graves said.

The trust had a skid steer. And the Pronghorn Foundation and Bowhunters of Wyoming donated about $8,000 to buy a wire winder to mount on it.

Volunteers removed the wire from fence posts and then pulled the posts.

That cleared the way for Graves to come in with the wire winder.

“That machine just sucks up all the old barbed wire and woven wire into neat rolls that can be taken to the recycling center,” Graves said.

The Black Fern crew came in right behind him, installing the new fencing.

It includes a smooth bottom wire, which allows pronghorn to crawl under without getting snagged on rusty barbed wire.

“We’ve already seen increased pronghorn activity on the property,” Graves said.

The Pronghorn Foundation hopes to soon acquire a skid steer with a wire winder to start going after other old fences in Wyoming and Montana, Martin said.

Old fencing hampers wildlife movements across the West, and removing and replacing all of it will be a gargantuan task, he said.

“Unlike deer and elk, pronghorn will rarely, if ever, jump a fence. They want to crawl under it,” he said.

So woven-wire fences are particularly hard on pronghorn, he said, because there’s no way to get underneath them.

Researchers from the University of Wyoming concluded that fences trapped pronghorn in areas of the Red Desert during the harsh 2022-2023 winter, and many of them died.

Recent upgrades to wildlife-friendly fences in the Red Desert opened up about 10,000 acres to pronghorn, Martin said.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"},{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Never-Ending Job"}]

The task of removing and replacing old fences won’t be finished anytime soon, Martin said.

But bringing wire winders will expedite the process.

“If you’ve ever been out there, wrestling with that old wire by hand, you know how many hours that can take,” he said.

Removing old fence can be done mostly with volunteer labor, and wire winders can spare volunteers the nastiest part of the job, he said.

The next hurdle is coming up with the funding for new fencing, which allows wildlife to crawl under or jump over it but still keeps cattle safely contained, Martin said.

“That new fence can cost $25,000 per mile,” he said.

Fence winder

<title>How "Wire Winders" Roll Up Old Fencing Quickly, Keep Wildlife From Getting Tangled | Cowboy State Daily</title>

With countless miles of rusty old fences threatening wildlife across Wyoming, conservationists say devices called wire winders are a game changer. They can roll up a half-mile of old fence in two minutes, a task that would take a half-day by hand,

How "Wire Winders" Roll Up Old Fencing Quickly, Keep Wildlife From Getting Tangled

Headshot of Cowboy State Daily's business and tourism reporter, Renée Jean

Renée Jean

Business

The cornerstone of a western fashion empire rising in Saratoga wasn’t a bright idea. It was a problem — a whole series of them, in fact, starting with a beautiful belt that wouldn’t fit.

From a 150-square-foot spare bedroom to two warehouses and a patented D-ring system, Dixie and Kirby Berger have built their company, Pure Dixie, into an international western fashion brand and a favorite at some of the largest rodeos in the nation, from Cheyenne Frontier Days to the National Finals Rodeo.

They did it not by avoiding mistakes but by stubbornly working through them, one bad belt and one busted box of inventory at a time. 

The bad belt was a beaded strip that caught Dixie’s eye during Cheyenne Frontier Days a decade ago.

It took her hours and hours to make the belt once she got it home, sewing each little bead into place one by one.  

When she was finished, though, it was too long for a traditional belt buckle. It wasn’t going to fit.

“I gave it to my husband and I said, ‘I made this and I can’t take it apart. It’s all beaded,’” she told Cowboy State Daily. “You need to make this fit me because if I put a traditional buckle on, it just doesn’t fit.’”

Her husband, an expert leatherworker, had been helping his wife make embroidered leather belts they were selling in little totes at local rodeos. So he took her project back to his workshop to see what he could figure out. 

The system he came up with was to place a metal ring on one end of the belt that he could fit into slots along the other end. That made the belt not only shorter, but more adjustable. 

That was the birth of the couple’s patented D-ring system, which has made their business, Pure Dixie, an international best-seller, as well as frequent vendors at choosy venues like the National Finals Rodeo and Cheyenne Frontier Days.

“That system completely changed how we thought of our products,” Berger said. 

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"}],"text":"The problems didn’t end there, though. "}]

Berger’s mom was always losing her cell phone, so one day she asked Dixie if she could make a purse for her.

“That’s how the crossbody minis came to attach to the front of the bag,” Berger said. “And so, through like a process of things that have happened in our life, the ideas kind of came full circle, almost in a moment.” 

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"},{"type":"bold"}],"text":"The Belt Everyone Wanted"}]

Long before any of that, though, the whole operation fit inside a single 150-square-foot bedroom. That solved a different problem for Dixie.

“I was a stay-at-home mom with three kids,” she said. “And I was not willing to give that up. So I set up my spare bedroom with an embroidery business, and then my husband had leather stuff upstairs with all the sewing machines.”

By day, Dixie watched her children and squeezed in embroidery orders whenever time allowed while her husband worked saddles and tack and chaps on his family’s ranch. 

At night, after their kids went to bed, the two combined their skills to make pieces, first just for each other and then for a growing list of customers. One of those first pieces was an embroidered leather belt with Wyoming’s bucking horse logo on it — a Christmas present for Dixie. 

Dixie was proud of that belt, so it went with her to lots of places — including ranch rodeos where other girls wanted to know where she’d gotten such a cool belt. 

When they learned she and her husband made it, Dixie found herself taking orders for more belts. Lots of them.

That led to the couple bringing some of their belts to ranch rodeos in totes and selling them on the spot. 

“So it wasn’t really on purpose,” Berger said with a chuckle. “It was definitely something that just came to us, and definitely something we’ve enjoyed pursuing.”

One day not long after Kirby came up with the D-ring system, the couple was showing off their belts to someone named Diana.

As Diana picked up each belt to inspect, she would sling the one she’d just looked at over one shoulder to look at another. 

The belts looked so nice draped over her shoulder it gave Dixie instant inspiration. 

She realized the belts could double as purse straps, creating a more customizable purse using the D-ring system her husband designed.

She feels those moments — the too-long belt,  her mom’s missing phone, and even a customer casually slinging belts over her shoulder — all stacked together into the core of Pure Dixie’s patented mix-and-match system. 

“That belt has become a pretty iconic piece for the business,” Dixie said. 

Over time Berger has continued to add mix-and-match ideas, including patches that snap on and off. Cowboy hats, ball caps, and crossbody-minis all have a set of four snaps for patches. Feel like a bucking horse one day, and a bow the next? No problem, there’s a patch for every mood and every occasion.

“I love the aspect where every girl kind of gets to design her piece, and so girls aren’t walking out of our booth looking the same,” Berger said.  “We have so many options that everybody gets to pick their unique style.” 

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"},{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Two Warehouses Later"}]

Today, the business no longer fits in a tiny bedroom. The couple has built two warehouses and hired four to five full-time employees to help them scale up the business.

“We have a custom tannery that tans all of our leather,” Dixie said. “And we do have manufacturing now in Mexico that helps us, and then we do all the finish work in Saratoga.”

Learning to navigate mass manufacturing with a company in Mexico, though, was its own steep learning curve.

“So my very first box ... I spent all of my money on this box of inventory from Mexico to have my designs produced by someone just to test it and see,” she said. “So I spent all my money and every single piece came back incorrect.”

This wasn’t just a bad order. It was literally every dollar she had, tied up in a box of unusable bags. 

“I was pretty sad about it and just frustrated and pretty deflated,” she said. “And my husband said to me, ‘This is the moment where someone else gave up.’ He’s like, ‘If you can figure it out and push through it, you just went past someone who would have given up.’”

Instead of sending back the box or walking away, they hauled out every bag and fixed them one by one, leaning on the leather-working skills they’d honed since the spare-bedroom days. 

“That was probably 2016, 2017 that that happened,” she said. “So we took every single bag out. We fixed them all, since we know how to do leather work and we can fix about whatever.”

That box has rewired how Dixie thinks about every problem in her business. If she can get through it, she’s always stepping past the point where someone else would have quit.

“It’s like, if I can get through this issue, through this tariff issue, through this leather-production issue, through this logistics issue, you know, that’s where someone else gave up,” she said. “And I just don’t want to, we’ve decided we don’t want to give up. We just want to do the very best we can and keep pursuing the dream.”

For this couple, that dream looks like a world where they are building an international business together and the children are part of that effort in a tiny Wyoming town where they can remain close to family.

“We failed a lot and we did some things right,” Dixie said. “And we just kept at it. It was a step-by-step process.”

Pure Dixie 20260724 155609 8 1 26

<title>How A Saratoga Woman Built An International Western Fashion Brand From Her Bedroom | Cowboy State Daily</title>

A Saratoga woman was determined to remain a stay-at-home mom, but that didn’t mean she couldn’t build an international Western fashion brand. Her business Pure Dixie started in a 150-square-foot bedroom, now takes up two warehouses and continues to grow.

How A Saratoga Woman Built An International Western Fashion Brand From Her Bedroom

Headshot of Cowboy State Daily reporter, Jackie Dorothy.

Jackie Dorothy

Around Wyoming

MEETEETSE — “Cowboy” John Fremlin lived in the saddle for most of his life before pursuing his passion of collecting and selling the most unique western history he can find. 

Fremlin calls his antique shop in Meeteetse a working museum where customers can touch, buy, sell and trade everything. His items range from modern bronze statues worth tens of thousands to Sharp rifles from the 1800s and matchbox cars from the 1970s.

The building that houses the Hole-in-the-Wall Antique Store (aka Old West Antiques & Cowboy Curiosities) is itself rich in history. 

It is the old Masonic building that dates to the 1890s and whose members included Buffalo Bill Cody. It was also used as the community hall and school before it was converted into the Meeteetse Museum. 

[{"type":"text","text":"In the 1990s, it was “orphaned” and bought by Fremlin."}]

While most items can be found scattered in a mish-mash of treasures stored in every conceivable corne

Fremlin keeps the most valuable items locked in a safe. This includes the death mask of the master criminal John Dillinger and the wooden gun Dillinger hand-carved to break out of prison in March 1934 befor

ned down by law enforcement a few months later. 

“It's all documented,” Fremlin explained as he opened the safe and gingerly removed the plaster death mask, pointing out the bullet hole in the face. “We have wanted posters and a picture of the gun and that type of thing.”

it is hard to put a price on history, Fremlin said instead of cash he had traded a few Old West guns for the Dillinger relics. He has had the death mask and fake gun for a few years  and said it doesn’t matter if he never sells them because it is part of the memorable experience Fremlin wants to give customer

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"True History"}]

“People are really shocked and surprised when they come in,” Fremlin said. “A lot of antique stores sell reproduction items, but everything here is real, whether it's vintage from the 1970s or 200 years old.”

Another item in the safe is an 1870 beaded horse belt Fremlin bought from a German tourist. The customer collected cowboy items and was slowly liquidating his Native American collection when he stopped at Fremlin’s store.

Fremlin explained he never knows what treasures he will find and is on the lookout for the most interesting. His goal is to always have unique items and to keep the inventory interesting.

“We've had a lot of Buffalo Bill items that were owned by him and presented to other people,” Fremlin said. “We once had a collection from Tombstone owned by Doc Holiday. Just pretty neat stuff.”

It is a treasure hunt as customers sift through items piled around the store. A banjo valued at $20 grand is propped up beneath a silver-plated saddle. Buckskin beaded dresses vie for attentio

letterman jackets and vintage army helmets. Coins, toy cars and antique books line the counters and bookshelves. 

There are also plenty of mysterious items. In another corner of the store is a tarnished suit of armor the former owner thought was a movie prop from the 1920s or 30s.  Fremlin said he thinks more likely it was made in the 1950s in Mexico.

A current mystery of Frelim’s is an original painting of a lady in blue. The face intrigues him and he said he discovered, after much research, that the artist painted under several different names. He would love to know the subject’s backstory, but for now he is content that he at least knows who painted her. 

“Some of the customers get overwhelmed when they come in here,” Fremlin said. “They say they could spend all day in here and I go, I know, I do every day.” 

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"The Stories"}]

Fremlin said he likes items that speak to him and the previous owner used but took good care of. He said he can even tell who owned certain items by the way they are worn down.

“For example, natives would carry a rifle on the pommel so that the front part of the wood would be worn down so much that it’s curved while cowboys kept theirs in a scabbard,” Fremlin said. “When you look at it, it just sort of speaks to you, the history just comes right off the item.”

Fremlin said he once had a Sharp’s buffalo gun and the owner had carved images into the stock. The carvings were intricate and some of the eyes of the animals were made of tiny brass to mark the eye. Fremlin said it was covered with history.

“You could imagine that what he was carving was everything that he shot,” Fremlin said. “There was a couple of bears, a moose and even a Native chief with a bow and arrow so you don't know whether maybe he was a Native guy or maybe he had been in the Indian wars.”

The gun was still in decent condition when Fremlin acquired it and said it was obviously a tool that the owner valued.

Fremlin said he has been interested in antiques since he was about 4 years old and started trading at an early age for unique items. Fremlin also admits he can misjudge what his customers will buy. He will buy boxes of items instead of sorting through them and said that things he would normally reject invariably sell first.

Fremlin also tries to research each item before he sells it so if a story is attached he can share it. An example was of a painting he discovered was of Arizona John Burke of the Buffalo Wild West Show.

“He was the very first employee of Buffalo Bill for the show and stayed with him until the end,” Fremlin said. “We could have sold that painting without doing the research but now it can go to someone who collects Buffalo Bill stuff to add to their collection.”

Fremlin said he gets to enjoy the items while  in his store and tries not to take anything home. His goal is to have a wide variety of real antiques, whether it is a vintage hot rod sitting in his yard or a beaded moccasin.

“I select items that have a 'wow' factor,” Fremlin said. “If it has a story, it probably will speak to other people and not just to me.”

Contact Jackie Dorothy at jackie@cowboystatedaily.com

Cowboy John main 8 1 26

<title>Cowboy John's Hole-In-The-Wall Antiques Is A Western Time Capsule In Meeteetse | Cowboy State Daily</title>

From Dillinger’s death mask to items owned by Buffalo Bill, “Cowboy” John Fremlin collects relics for his Hole-in-the-Wall Antique Store in Meeteetse that speak to him and have a story to tell. "I select items that have the 'wow' factor," Fremlin says.

Cowboy John's Hole-In-The-Wall Antiques Is A Western Time Capsule In Meeteetse

Controversy over a proposed apartment complex along the Laramie Greenbelt mirrors growing pains in communities across Wyoming.

Opponents say the 80- to 95-unit complex would disrupt vital wildlife habitat and push floodwater into the historic West Side neighborhood.

But the city claims those fears are exaggerated, and the apartments are sorely needed to mitigate Laramie’s longstanding housing shortage.

The project is proposed on 32 acres of mostly undeveloped land the city has declared "blighted."

But many residents treasure the property as a place to relax and enjoy greenery and the animals that take refuge there.

Opponents also question the use of public tax increment financing (TIF) funds for the project.

City Manager Todd Feezer told Cowboy State Daily no starting date has been set for the project, but the city would like to have the apartments built as soon as possible.

Resident Nate Martin said pushback against the project will continue.

“It’s not a question of NIMBYism. It’s a legitimate concern about the floodplain, about the river, about the Greenbelt. It’s not just, ‘Oh, I don’t want to look at the apartment complex,’” Martin told Cowboy State Daily.

People in Laramie want undisturbed green space, just like folks in any Wyoming community would, he said.

“That would apply to any open piece of land by a river in Wyoming,” he said.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"},{"type":"bold"}],"text":"West Side Worries"}]

The West Side is one of Laramie’s oldest neighborhoods. It’s generally recognized as the residential area nestled between the Union Pacific Railroad tracks and the Laramie River.

It’s not to be confused with West Laramie, which is an essentially separate part of the city west of Interstate 80.

Because of its proximity to the river, the West Side is already susceptible to flooding, Martin said.

Plunking down an apartment complex adjacent to the Greenbelt would just make matters worse, he said.

“There are people who are paying off their mortgages who have never had to buy flood insurance before and are now on the hook for increased costs,” Martin said.

The land is “valuable floodplain storage,” said resident Ally Patrick, a civil engineer.

“Basically, the whole 32-acre property is a FEMA-designated floodplain,” she told Cowboy State Daily.

Compacting the earth there for construction, and then paving some of it for parking, would disrupt the natural floodplain, further imperiling West Side homes whenever the Laramie River jumps its banks, Patrick said.

“My main concern is removing floodplain storage. When you remove that storage, the flood goes somewhere else, and in this case, it would be into the West Side,” she said.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"},{"type":"bold"}],"text":"What About The Critters?"}]

Wildlife biologist and West Side resident Christina Sluka said the proposed construction site is essentially in the middle of an urban wildlife sanctuary.

She’s conducted studies on raccoons and said their dependence on the Greenbelt area reflects that of numerous other species.

“I’ve been using raccoons as just one example of the activity that goes on on that property,” she told Cowboy State Daily.

“Any wildlife that’s using the Greenbelt and wants to move north to south, or south to north, has to pass right through that property,” she said.

Moreover, what little development there is in the area is industrial, mostly warehouses, Sluka said.

Although it might seem counterintuitive, urban wildlife likes industrial areas because of the relatively low level of human activity, she said.

“There might be trucks going to and from the warehouses, but there aren’t pedestrians constantly passing through,” Sluka said.

Raccoons have claimed nesting sites near the warehouses, she said.

The area is also home to several species of nesting birds, bats, mule deer, white-tailed deer, skunks, beavers and mink, Sluka said.

Noise, constant human activity and “light pollution” from an apartment complex could disrupt that, she said.

The Greenbelt is also a vital pass-through route for black bears, moose and other animals that might be dispersing from or to the Snowy Range, Sluka said.

The Greenbelt “gives them a space to safely pass through” without causing human-wildlife conflicts, she said.

The undisturbed serenity of the area is also important for people, she said. Green spaces are good for physical and mental health.

“The Greenbelt is easily accessible for people who can’t just go hike 10 miles in the mountains. I’d say that is just as much of a human need as housing,” she said.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"},{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Solving the Housing Crisis"}]

Martin said building another apartment complex wouldn’t meet Laramie’s most pressing housing needs.

“Laramie needs housing, but even according to the city’s housing plans, we don’t need a big apartment complex. We need affordable single-family homes,” he said.

Feezer said Laramie needs housing of all sorts, including affordable apartments.

Studies going back to 2015 indicate a need for housing “across the board — for rentals, for single-family housing and for

Regarding flooding worries, the complex would be built far enough back from the river to reduce the risk, he said.

“Currently, our city code allows for building on a floodplain, depending upon conditions,” he said. “There are ways to make sure that safe development occurs relative to this sort of construction.” 

He added that the wildlife corridor is also close to the river channel, so it shouldn’t be disrupted by the apartment complex.

“From the city’s standpoint, that isn’t a major concern at this time,” he said.

Laramie River Greenbelt 3 7 29

<title>Neighbors Rally Against Planned 95-Unit Apartment Complex Near Laramie Greenbelt | Cowboy State Daily</title>

Opponents of a proposed 80-to-95-unit apartment complex along the Laramie Greenbelt say it will push floodwaters toward a historic neighborhood and ruin wildlife habitat. The city says "that isn't a major concern" and housing needs are urgent.

Neighbors Rally Against Planned 95-Unit Apartment Complex Near Laramie Greenbelt

Headshot of Cowboy State Daily's Feature Reporter, Andrew Rossi.

Andrew Rossi

Wyoming Life

Lander resident John Applegate built a wooden bench and placed it along the popular Tomato Loop hiking trail during the COVID pandemic in 2020. Shortly after he put it there, it was stolen.

Applegate built another wooden bench and placed it in the same spot. 

The only logical solution was to take the time and effort to build a third bench and place it at the same spot where the others were stolen.

“Third time’s the charm,” Applegate told Cowboy State Daily. “I used a bunch of recycled wood, including old cabinets from the Lander Medical Clinic, and engraved everything on the back myself.”

Applegate has done this on his own time, with his own resources. He’s not bitter about the two stolen benches, but he hopes this one stays for the benefit of everyone in Lander.

“I want to give people the ability to enjoy the scenes around Lander that I've always enjoyed growing up here,” he said.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"The Right Spot"}]

A few years ago, Applegate wanted to lose weight. One of the ways he shed some pounds was by repeatedly hiking the Tomato Loop Trail with his wife.

“I lost 100 pounds, and hiking that trail was part of it,” he said. “Before I lost the weight, I’d get halfway up this one hill and just about die.  There was a little bench at the top, overlooking the Lander Llama Company, and I always took my break on that bench and enjoyed the view.”

After the first two benches he built were stolen, a Lander man is giving it a third attempt. He's built yet another wooden bench and gave it to his neighbors so they can enjoy the iconic views of the popular Tomato Loop hiking trail. "Third time's the charm," he said.

Daily Darwin: Monday, November 4, 2024

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