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Now let's all watch a totally not staged video of a puppy and a duckling going out for a walk....

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Cowboy State Daily is Wyoming’s largest newspaper with Wyoming’s most experienced journalists. 

<title>Daily Smile: Saturday, April 6, 2024 | Cowboy State Daily</title>

Daily Smile: Saturday, April 6, 2024

 Now let's all watch a totally not staged video of a puppy and a duckling going out for a walk....

Kolby fedore

Kolby Fedore

Crime & Courts

Courts

A Florida woman who owned a behavioral health clinic in Cheyenne has been ordered to pay back more than $870,000 to Wyoming Medicaid for bilking the federal agency with fraudulent claims.

Federal prosecutors say her daughter helped carry out the scheme by assisting with billing and falsifying service documentation while working for the clinic.

Tera Marie Campbell, 47, of Maitland, Florida, owned The Olive Branch LLC, a behavioral health clinic that provided autism services in Cheyenne and Minot, North Dakota, the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the District of Wyoming said Thursday in a statement announcing the women’s sentences for conspiracy to commit health care fraud.

Campbell used the business to submit fraudulent Medicaid claims over several years, including claims for services provided by employees who lacked required certifications, claims that were upcoded to higher-paying services and bills for appointments that never occurred, according to the U.S. Attorney’s Office.

Investigators said some of those claims were submitted for dates when the clinic was closed and even while Campbell was out of the country on vacation.

Campbell's daughter, Tayler Ann Krauss, 27, of McDavid, Florida, worked as the clinic's medical biller between December 2020 and October 2022. She was instrumental in providing service documentation used to support fraudulent claims.

The investigation concluded the clinic relied extensively on untrained employees, falsified certification and supervision records, and knowingly billed Wyoming Medicaid for services that did not meet Medicaid requirements, according to prosecutors.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Joint Investigation"}]

The case was investigated by the Wyoming Attorney General's Office Medicaid Fraud Control Unit, the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the U.S. Department of Defense's Defense Criminal Investigative Service.

U.S. Attorney Darin Smith said in a statement that Medicaid fraud "steals taxpayer dollars from programs that millions of Americans depend on and undermines care for vulnerable patients.

"I am committed to holding accountable those who exploit these programs for personal gain."

Smith said his office will continue working with federal and state partners to investigate and prosecute health care fraud, saying the effort is aimed at protecting public resources and preserving confidence in the healthcare system.

Wyoming Attorney General Keith Kautz added in the statement that the prosecution and conviction of Campbell and Krauss demonstrates the value of cooperation between state and federal law enforcement agencies and praised the work of his office's Medicaid Fraud Control Unit.

Smith nor Kautz responded to Cowboy State Daily's request for an interview beyond the prepared statements released by the U.S. Department of Justice on Thursday. 

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Sentence Handed Down"}]

U.S. District Judge Kelly H. Rankin sentenced Krauss on Monday and Campbell on Tuesday in federal court in Cheyenne.

Campbell and Krauss were indicted May 21, 2025, and both pleaded guilty April 9 to conspiracy to commit health care fraud.

Campbell was sentenced to 36 months in federal prison followed by three years of supervised release. Krauss was sentenced to two years of home confinement.

The judge ordered the women to jointly pay $735,717.63 in restitution to Wyoming Medicaid. Campbell was also ordered to repay $135,890.91 to the military's Tricare health care program.

The court ruled Krauss is jointly responsible for up to $71,509.44 of that amount.

Campbell was separately sentenced in January in a related North Dakota Medicaid fraud case.

In that case, she received a three-year suspended sentence, three years of supervised release and was ordered to repay an additional $225,000 to North Dakota's Medicaid program.

Federal courthouse cheyenne 9 28 23

<title>Florida Woman, Daughter Ordered To Pay Back $870K They Stole From Wyoming Medicaid | Cowboy State Daily</title>

A Florida woman who ran a Cheyenne behavioral health clinic, and her daughter, have been ordered to pay back more than $870,000 they stole from Wyoming Medicaid. They funneled fraudulent claims through the clinic for years, say federal prosecutors.

Florida Woman, Daughter Ordered To Pay Back $870K They Stole From Wyoming Medicaid

Employee kate meadows cropped

Kate Meadows

Government & Politics

Executive

Cheyenne’s Board of Public Utilities isn’t accepting industrial wastewater associated with data center systems until further notice after a contractor for Meta Platforms contaminated the city’s wastewater system, prompting months of cleanup.

The announcement was made by the Board of Public Utilities (BOPU) on Thursday in conjunction with naming the Meta company as the source of the initial contamination.

It also comes more than four months after the Meta company — which is building a huge $800 million data center in south Cheyenne — disrupted the city’s reclaimed wastewater system with a rare bacterial contaminant.

Goat Systems LLC was in “significant noncompliance" with the city's industrial pretreatment regulations after discharging wastewater contaminated with Cupriavidus gilardii, a bacterium that interfered with operations at the city's water reclamation facilities and contaminated the municipal reuse water system, according to the BOPU’s Thursday statement.

Goat Systems LLC is the corporate entity Meta uses for construction of its sprawling nearly 800,000-square-foot Cheyenne data center campus known during development as 

Cheyenne City Councilman Pete Laybourn said learning that the contamination originated from Meta's data center was unwelcome news.

"It's a very, very unpleasant surprise," Laybourn told Cowboy State Daily. "I have a lot yet to learn. It definitely complicates matters."

Laybourn said he has already expressed concerns about some of the arrangements the city has made with data center operators, adding that he expects the disclosure will prompt additional discussion.

"It's about the last thing we need right now," he said. "But it's a reality we're going to have to work through.”

Mayor Patrick Collins likewise expressed disappointment in Thursday's announcement.

"I think it's a disappointment to everyone involved," he told Cowboy State Daily.

Collins also praised the BOPU for catching the contamination and getting the city's sewage reuse system cleaned up. 

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"'Final Resolution'"}]

Thursday’s announcement marks the first time city officials have publicly identified the company behind the contamination, which was first discovered in February and prompted months of investigation and public speculation.

According to the statement, Goat Systems immediately stopped discharging wastewater from fill-and-flush operations at Meta's Cheyenne Data Center CHY 1-2 after being notified of the contamination.

BOPU also revoked the company's industrial discharge privileges for those operations effective March 24.

[{"type":"text","text":"The incident has led to broader changes beyond Meta's project."}]

BOPU also is suspending acceptance of industrial wastewater from data center fill-and-flush and closed-loop system operations until further notice while officials evaluate how to prevent future incidents.

The city said the action is intended to protect the integrity of Cheyenne's wastewater treatment system.

Calls to Cheyenne’s Public Utilities Office were not immediately returned Thursday.

"The BOPU appreciates the public's patience throughout this process," the agency said in the statement. "By conducting a thorough and diligent review, we have been able to reach a final resolution while ensuring continued protection and integrity of our wastewater treatment system."

A spokesman for Meta told Cowboy State Daily in an email statement that the company is working with its general contractor to "resolve this issue."

"Meta is supporting the efforts of our general contractor, Fortis, to resolve this issue with the city of Cheyenne Board of Public Utilities," the statement says. "When the board shared that it found a substance in the city's wastewater — not public drinking water — Fortis immediately stopped discharging industrial wastewater and began hauling it offsite.

"Fortis also began its own water testing with an independent environmental specialist which has found no trace of the substance," the statement adds. "Meta is committed to being a good neighbor in Cheyenne, including through the protection of local water resources, and will continue encouraging collaboration between Fortis and the board until this situation is resolved.”

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Months Of Questions"}]

The disclosure comes after months of questions surrounding the source of the contamination.

BOPU previously confirmed the bacterium had entered the city's wastewater treatment process through an industrial user but declined to identify the company while the investigation remained underway.

The contaminant was traced to wastewater generated during data center fill-and-flush operations, a process used to clean and test cooling systems before a facility begins operation.

Meta's Cheyenne campus, one of the largest private construction projects in the city's history, spans hundreds of acres in the High Plains Business Park and is expected to encompass roughly 800,000 square feet when completed.

 that Meta was the company behind the previously unnamed Project Cosmo development.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Questions Remain"}]

Thursday’s announcement answers one of the biggest questions surrounding the incident but leaves others unresolved.

Among them are how the BOPU intends to regulate future data center wastewater, how the suspension of accepting industrial discharges associated with data centers affects other facilities under construction in Cheyenne and whether any long-term environmental or public health impacts are expected.

Meta IMG 7791 7 2 26

<title>Cheyenne Won’t Take Data Center Wastewater After Meta Contractor Contaminated System | Cowboy State Daily</title>

Cheyenne announced Thursday it's suspended taking wastewater associated with data center systems after a Meta contractor contaminated the city’s wastewater system, prompting months of cleanup. "It's a very, very unpleasant surprise,” said a city councilman.

Cheyenne Won’t Take Data Center Wastewater After Meta Contractor Contaminated System

Agriculture

Two months after John Deere agreed to pay $99 million in a 

 over claims it monopolized repairs on its agricultural equipment, some Wyoming farmers and ranchers say the agreement falls far short of solving the problem.

“We think it is an unfair settlement,” said Chad Franke, a Lander-area rancher and president of the Rocky Mountain Farmer’s Union.

Jared Wilson of Wilson Farms Land and Cattle Co. in Missouri formally objected to the settlement this week, claiming it would harm the interests of every farmer in America. He argues the settlement will actually strengthen John Deere’s repair monopoly rather than dismantle it.

The class-action lawsuit claimed the tractor giant was monopolizing the repair market. Right-to-repair advocates say farmers should be able to fix tractors themselves or go to an independent repair shop.

Members of the lawsuit can opt out of the proposed settlement agreement between July 14 and Sept. 14, said Willie Cade, a board member for The Repair Association, which works with farmers unions and others in several states to push right-to-repair legislation. A final court hearing is scheduled for Oct. 29 in Rockford, Illinois.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"The Problem"}]

For years, farmers and ranchers have argued that agriculture equipment such as tractors and combines have become so technologically advanced they’re nearly impossible to fix themselves. They are often left with no choice but to pay John Deere dealerships when equipment fails.

[{"type":"text","text":"That costs farmers time and money they often do not have."}]

The lawsuit alleges John Deere used its control over software and diagnostic tools to monopolize repairs on its equipment. Right-to-repair advocates contend owners should be able to repair their own machinery or hire independent mechanics.

According to legal filings, “America’s farmers have become dependent on the whim of these distant corporations and their agents for access to repair tools, repair services, and replacement parts.”

[{"type":"text","text":"John Deere has denied any wrongdoing."}]

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Details of the Settlement"}]

The proposed settlement would compensate equipment owners who can show they paid more for repairs at a John Deere dealership than they would have paid if they had been allowed to perform the repair themselves or use an independent shop.

John Deere also agreed to support owner repairs and provide access to certain software, tools and diagnostic systems for the next 10 years.

[{"type":"text","text":"But critics say the agreement doesn't go nearly far enough."}]

Court filings objecting to the settlement note that attorneys could seek about $51 million in legal fees, leaving substantially less for class members.

"Meanwhile, the average member of the Class will get, at best, a $400 check, remain under Deere's thumb, and see no meaningful change in their independence to repair their equipment," Wilson’s legal objection states.

"The cost in loss of independence and liberty to our farmers and our rural communities is incalculable."

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Ranchers Respond"}]

[{"type":"text","text":"Monetarily, the settlement is a pittance, according to Franke."}]

“Ninety-nine million sounds like a lot of money, until you realize that a new combine is a million dollars,” he said.

By some estimates, the settlement would amount to roughly 79 cents per acre for about eight years of claims.

John Deere customers would have to prove through John Deere’s own system that they were overcharged, Franke said. That would mean the tractor company would determine who was and who was not overcharged, leading Franke to wonder about conflict of interest.

“It basically absolves John Deere of any liability,” he told Cowboy State Daily.

Franke also questioned why the company’s promise to support software and owners’ repairs was only good for 10 years, when equipment typically lasts much longer.  

[{"type":"text","text":"“It seems disingenuous,” he said."}]

Franke stopped short of saying whether the Rocky Mountain Farmers Union would encourage its members to opt out of the settlement. The National Farmers Union, of which the state organization is a member, is separately suing John Deere alongside the Federal Trade Commission in a pending antitrust case that is paused while the parties pursue settlement talks.

"There's a lot going on with this," Franke said. "But I am confident saying we're not happy with the settlement." 

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"From Corporate to Independent"}]

Brad Sage, owner of Sage Repair in Florence, Montana, spent more than 30 years working for John Deere dealerships before opening his own independent repair business.

He said he left because the company became increasingly corporate and restrictive.

Today, Sage said he can often repair equipment for about half what dealerships charge. But independent mechanics remain limited by their inability to access all of Deere's proprietary software and diagnostic tools.

“You don’t need to pay four people to do one job,” he previously told Cowboy State Daily.

Sage said farmers typically would go to the John Deere dealership for a problem when something strange, highly technical, or unusually time-consuming arose.

“That was the scenario before,” Sage said. “Now farmers are locked out (of solving equipment problems) because the information is too hard or cumbersome to come by.” 

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Right to Repair Momentum"}]

The dispute comes as right-to-repair momentum continues to build nationally.

 In 2025, 20 states introduced legislation aimed at including agricultural equipment under right-to-repair laws.

President Donald Trump on Monday signed an executive order to expand Americans' ability to repair their own vehicles by improving access to diagnostic information and repair tools.

Similar to the John Deere ordeal, access to repair information, diagnostic software and specialized tools have long hampered mechanics’ troubleshooting , which right-to-repair advocates say causes repairs to be more expensive.

In May, a separate federal antitrust lawsuit was filed against John Deere by a Chicago construction-equipment owner alleging the company employs similar repair restrictions on construction and forestry equipment. The suit alleges anti-competitive rules force owners to use authorized dealers, which has caused inflated repair costs and longer wait times since May 2022.

John Deere hay 7 2 26

<title>Wyoming Ranchers: $99M John Deere Right-To-Repair Settlement Doesn't Go Far Enough | Cowboy State Daily</title>

Wyoming ranchers say a $99 million John Deere right-to-repair settlement doesn't go far enough. They'll get small payouts while while John Deere keeps control over repair software. "We think it is an unfair settlement,” said a Lander-area rancher.

Wyoming Ranchers: $99M John Deere Right-To-Repair Settlement Doesn't Go Far Enough

Headshot of Cowboy State Daily's general assignment reporter, Clair McFarland.

Clair McFarland

with a Cheyenne-based investigator is suing the Laramie County Sheriff’s Office 

 is obstructing justice by withholding important evidence 

Colorado-based immigration firm Lichter and Associates, and its Cheyenne-based investigator Kevin Lewis, filed the lawsuit complaint Tuesday in the Laramie County District Court.

It accuses the sheriff’s office of producing a report of an April 23 encounter and arrest that one Cheyenne Police Department records clerk called a “complete fabrication.”

It also accuses the sheriff’s office of withholding body camera and dash cam video of the incident, though the Mexican national involved in it, Mario Fabian Valenzuela Robles, allegedly needs that video to fight his ongoing immigration deportation case — and a federal 

case he’s waging in the U.S. District Court for Colorado.

Cheyenne-based attorney Drake Hill filed the suit on the 

behalf. Hill is the husband of former Wyoming Superintendent of Public Instruction Cindy Hill and recently has also represented the right-leaning political group Honor Wyoming.

The lawsuit says that Lewis set out to investigate Valenzuela Robles’ law enforcement encounter and arrest, but met obstacles at nearly every juncture.

“This case presents a clear abuse of power and the violation of Wyoming statues by the Laramie County sheriff, Brian Kozak, and the Laramie County Sheriff’s Office, in willfully denying access to critical evidence material to immigration proceedings and (the habeas case),” says the complaint.

On Wednesday, Hill also asked Laramie County District Court Judge Peter Froelicher to recuse himself from the case, saying Froelicher represented the sheriff’s office when he was still a litigator.

Froelicher’s response, if he’s filed one, wasn’t in the public-facing court file as of Thursday.

The lawsuit seeks to levy public records violation fines against the sheriff’s office, and urges the court to declare the sheriff’s office violated the law.

[{"type":"text","text":"First, The Detention"}]

The complaint says Lewis sought to gather evidence on Valenzuela Robles’ case for the Lichter firm and on Valenzuela Robles’ behalf.

The sheriff’s office had detained Valenzuela Robles on April 23 “as part of a wider effort directed by Defendant Kozak,” says the complaint.

An order in Valenzuela Robles’ federal wrongful-detention case says he was detained starting about April 23, through at least May 27, after a 

 police officer initiated a traffic stop on him because his taillights were “kind of dark” and his truck had “tinted windows.”

ICE agents were on scene within the span of time Valenzuela Robles took to provide his ID to the officer, he order says, adding that Valenzuela Robles asserts he was given a choice between $2,600 to return to Mexico or face ICE detention. He opted for detention, the order says.

The order recounts assertions by Valenzuela Robles that he’s lived in the U.S. for 20 years and has no criminal history, plus has three children who are U.S. citizens.  

[{"type":"text","text":"Next, The Investigator"}]

Lewis went to the Laramie County Sheriff’s Office’s records department April 24 and encountered a paper sign saying it was closed, the complaint says. 

Then he went to the Cheyenne Police Department to request records. An officer whose name Hill related by the uncertain spelling of “Mooske” searched for data of the detention and found none, reportedly.

The searcher also “said the computer system also showed the sheriff’s office records and there was nothing to be found there either,” wrote Hill.

The next Monday, April 27, Lewis took a written records request to the Laramie County Sheriff’s Office, the complaint says. There, a staffer told him Lewis needed to show he actually represented Valenzuela Robles to view the records, says the document.

Lewis sent that letter of confirmation two days later, according to the court file.

The complaint alleges that the staffer told Lewis they “still did not have a report” on Valenzuela Robles’ arrest or detention, and for Lewis to return in a couple days.

“In the meantime,” laments the complaint, “immigration proceedings that could lead to Mr. Valenzuela Robles’ removal were moving at a very fast pace and the records were vital to his defense.”

Lewis found the sheriff’s records office closed May 1, and returned three days later, the complaint says.

A staffer again said they lacked records, the document alleges. The staffer told Lewis to provide a birth date for Valenzuela Robles, reportedly. 

The complaint claims the staffer said that there wouldn’t be arrest records if the detainee wasn’t booked physically into the jail; and that even if the Laramie County Sheriff’s Office provided a field “assist” to ICE, then ICE would be the custodian of that detainee.

Lewis asked for body and dash camera video, and the staffer allegedly said the office wouldn’t release such footage without a definitive identification of the subject. The complaint says that identification had already been provided.  

Body and dash camera video fall into a special category under Wyoming public records law.

[{"type":"text","text":"The keeper of that video shall deny release of that video except:"}]

[{"type":"text","text":"• Where the incident involves deadly force."}]

[{"type":"text","text":"• Where the person asking for it is the “person of interest.”"}]

• In response to a complaint against law enforcement personnel, and where the keeper of the video finds release is not contrary to the public interest.

• Or where “the interest of public safety” permits releasing that video.

[{"type":"text","text":"The Part About Cheyenne PD"}]

On May 21, says Lewis’ complaint, he visited the Cheyenne Police Department again and a staffer said CPD wasn’t involved in Valenzuela Robles’ arrest or detention.

[{"type":"text","text":"So Lewis circled back to the sheriff’s office."}]

A staffer there gave Lewis a report “purporting to document the encounter, arrest and detention of Mario Fabian Valenzuela Robles,” says the complaint.

That report, the complaint alleges, “specifically indicated there was no body camera footage,” and the report detailed the identity of a CPD officer reportedly involved in the encounter.

Lewis went back to the police department to ask about any video the agency had from that incident, says the 

. There, a Cheyenne PD staffer called “Tiffany” looked over the report and “in an emphatic manner declared the Defendants’ report to be a ‘complete fabrication,’” says the complaint.

In a Wednesday email to Cowboy State Daily, the Cheyenne Police Department acknowledged that the initial sheriff’s office report was flawed.

“Our records clerk was able to ascertain that the Cheyenne Police Department was not involved in the traffic stop on April 23,” wrote CPD spokeswoman Alexandra Farkas in the email. “The officer identified in the Laramie County Sheriff's Office report (P76) was off duty at the time. The report also incorrectly identified her as a male.”

[{"type":"text","text":"Sheriff Responds"}]

Laramie County Sheriff Kozak responded Thursday in a brief phone interview with Cowboy State Daily, saying this matter has been referred to the Laramie County Attorney.

Laramie County Attorney Mark Voss did not respond by publication to a Wednesday-afternoon phone message request for comment.

Kozak said in his own interview that when his office got Lewis’ request, “there was nothing that said this person was actually representing the immigrant,” and that the county attorney asked for that proof.

[{"type":"text","text":"Lewis’ case filings say he provided that proof."}]

Kozak said, “We never received that. That’s just a major issue that’ll be resolved in the court hearing that’s coming up.”

As for the report, Kozak said the deputy made a mistake with it and corrected that mistake later — before the litigation was filed.

“That happens occasionally,” he said. "But the supervisors caught that and had the deputy correct it."

[{"type":"text","text":"The Saga Continues"}]

[{"type":"text","text":"The complaint details more interactions between Lewis and records staff."}]

[{"type":"text","text":"“Tiffany” told Lewis the sheriff’s office was rewriting the report."}]

Lewis was “stunned by the assertion” that the initial report had been a complete fabrication, says the complaint.

After the Laramie County Sheriff’s records office closed over the Memorial Day holiday, Lewis returned and asked about a new report.

This new report gave “a completely different narration of events,” says the complaint, “including a statement that body camera footage was recorded and stored with the Laramie County Sheriff’s Office, contradicting what the defendants had before repeatedly stated.”

[{"type":"text","text":"Lewis kept asking to see the video."}]

 Haskins at the sheriff’s office told him he could watch it in person June 1.

[{"type":"text","text":"Meanwhile, The Wrongful Detention Case"}]

Valenzuela Robles was then waging a wrongful detention case and had won back the right to have a bond hearing, while immigration authorities had invoked a 

U.S. District Court Magistrate Judge Kathryn Starnella, of Colorado, ordered immigration authorities to grant Valenzuela Robles a bond hearing no later than June 4.

Lewis’ lawsuit says that hearing was set for June 1, the same day he was to review body camera footage.

The timing, says the lawsuit complaint, “Ensured that no digital media would be available to assist in Mr. Valenzuela Robles’ defense and Mr. Valenzuela Robles’ position that the stop had been unlawfully conducted.”

Still, Lewis went to the sheriff’s office June 1, says the document. He was told Haskins would be sending him an email denying the opportunity to view the video, the complaint says, adding that Lewis never saw such an email.

Laramie County Sheriff Brian Kozak 7

<title>Colorado Immigration Firm Accuses Sheriff Kozak Of Blocking Vital Evidence | Cowboy State Daily</title>

An immigration advocacy firm is suing the Laramie County Sheriff’s Office claiming the agency is withholding important evidence in a deportation case. The Cheyenne Police Department confirmed Wednesday that the sheriff's office had issued an inaccurate report.

Daily Smile: Saturday, April 6, 2024

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