Daily Smile

[{"type":"text","text":"Dog walking the dog (kinda)"}]

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Cowboy State Daily is Wyoming’s largest newspaper with Wyoming’s most experienced journalists. 

<title>Daily Smile: Monday, April 17, 2023 | Cowboy State Daily</title>

Dog walking the dog (kinda)

Daily Smile: Monday, April 17, 2023

Kerry Drake

Wyoming Life

Around Wyoming

CHEYENNE — The day after Gene Holthus’ home in Cheyenne’s Buffalo Ridge subdivision was gutted on July 16, 1979, he stood outside taking photos of the destruction. 

His three sons were busy trying to salvage anything they could from the house as Wyoming National Guard helicopters flew overhead to protect the neighborhood from looting.

Holthus told the Wyoming State Tribune that he was at work at the Wyoming Highway Department when he saw the huge twister rip past the Game and Fish Commission.

“I immediately called my wife, Alta, and told her to get in the basement,” Holthus said. “She didn’t know a thing about it.”

He said the next few minutes were terrifying as he waited for a chance to get home. Holthus learned that a gas main had broken in his basement.

“Somebody called the fire department and within about five minutes they came and dug my wife out of the basement,” he recalled. “Thank God she only had a few scratches.”

As Holthus continued talking to the reporter, one of his sons came running up and handed him an envelope he’d found several blocks away. It contained vivid color photographs of the family’s garden, which was now buried under rubble.

Holthus looked at every one of the photos. 

“I just can’t believe that something this small could remain intact while bigger things were totally destroyed,” he said. 

The reporter told him he was sorry about everything his family lost. Holthus turned around and pointed at the house.

“This can all be replaced,” he said. “We survived. And I’ll treasure these photos and all the memories.”

Holthus died in 2015, but he and his family had survived what 47 years later is still the most destructive tornado ever recorded in Wyoming. 

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"},{"type":"bold"}],"text":"9-Mile Path Of Destruction"}]

The tornado that touched down was not only rare for the capital city, Cheyenne had never had one within city limits prior to July 16, 1979. 

The tornado was officially an F-3, using the EF scale that ranks tornados by damage intensity. But some scientists believe it was even more fierce, an F-4, based on the intensity of destruction it left behind.

The tornado first formed around 3:10 p.m. near the intersection of Vandehei Avenue and Valley View Road. Peak winds were estimated between 136-165 mph.

Its path through the city was 8.8 miles, which it traveled in about 30 minutes. 

The massive twister was 80 yards wide, or four-fifths as long as a football field.

It was the most destructive tornado in Wyoming’s history, and it caused one death: 14-month-old David McKinnon, who the Laramie County coroner at the time said died instantly from head injuries when his family’s trailer was ripped apart by the black funnel cloud.

Damaging about 400 homes, including 140 that were destroyed, the total property damage was estimated at $25 million, which is the equivalent to 

As people dug through the rubble, called insurance adjusters, and talked to friends and family about their ordeal, one thing about the natural disaster seemed universally described by survivors as miraculous. 

How could such an enormous tornado wreaking havoc for such a long time have not killed more people?

“This was my first major crisis,” Don Erickson, Cheyenne’s mayor from 1977-1989, told Cowboy State Daily on Wednesday as he recalled the challenges he faced when the tornado hit the northern part of the city. 

“We had to show the community a lot of confidence, that we were doing the best we can,” he said. "And we did. We had a great team.”

Erickson, 89, can vividly describe everything he saw happen the day the tornado hit.

“I was sitting in my office with my risk manager looking through this great big window,” he said. “I thought, ‘My God, it looked kind of weird out there.’ Big black clouds coming around, and I said, ‘Let’s go up on the roof and see what’s going on.’”

Within 10 seconds of arriving on the rooftop, Erickson said that, “There was a big blast north of City Hall. Later on, we found that a transformer over by the governor’s mansion had been struck by lightning.”

Dave Guille, the head of civil defense for the city, called to tell the mayor that a tornado had hit the north side of Cheyenne.

Erickson, who had just dealt with one shock, called Cheyenne Police Chief Byron Rookstool, and together they made a hurried trip to the scene.

“The rescue effort was underway, and the devastation was amazing,” Erickson said. “We were so lucky that people were working and the kids weren’t quite home yet.”

He flew in a National Guard helicopter to see the path of destruction. 

“We’re fortunate that the Frontier Mall wasn’t built yet on Dell Range. It would have had a tremendous amount of damage,” he said.

Erickson said Gov. Ed Herschler immediately declared Cheyenne a disaster area.

Erickson said the entire city rallied to help take care of anyone impacted by the disaster. Scores of people opened up their homes to those who had lost theirs. 

Esther Howard formed the Interfaith Task Force, which brought local organizations together to coordinate how they could help anyone who needed it.

Erickson resurrected the group when had his next big crisis, which also involved disastrous weather that Cheyenne had never seen before: the Aug. 1, 1985, flood, which killed a dozen people and caused more than $51 million in damage. 

He said he took what he learned from the tornado tragedy, and that it helped prepare him for the even bigger disaster.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"textStyle"},{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Lucky For Him"}]

Tom Reed was a high school junior spending the summer of 1979 working for a construction company that was putting the finishing touches on a new house in his Buffalo Ridge neighborhood. 

On the afternoon of July 16, he was the last person at the site, cleaning it up so the house would be ready for the family that would move in soon.

He went across town to do the same thing at a house on the south side. That’s when he looked north and spotted the tornado.

“We were up pretty high so we could see it across town,” Reed said. “At first I thought it was a fire, but then I saw it move and realized what it was.”

He made another stop at the construction company, where someone told him that a twister had been heading right through his neighborhood. He raced home, but had to walk part of the way because of all the debris covering Roundtop Drive.

He said he spotted his mother, Becky Reed, outside their now heavily damaged ranch-style home doing what everyone else in the neighborhood was doing: trying to assess the damage and figure out what in the world to do next. 

Some people were looking for their pets, but his family dog was inside, unharmed.

Reed said that unlike some of their neighbors whose two-story and multi-level homes were severely damaged, with roofs blown completely off, the Reeds’ single-level house was still standing.

“The roof was kind of peeled back from where it met the west wall,” he said. “If you looked up in the family room you could look straight up to the sky.”

Reed said a lot of windows were broken, and the strong winds blew open the refrigerator door and the contents were tossed all over the house. The hallway walls were covered with ketchup and mustard.

But unlike about 1,000 other Cheyenne residents, the Reeds weren’t homeless that night. 

In fact, they never left. He said he and his father, Tom Reed Sr., who also worked for the same construction company, fixed everything themselves over time.

Reed, who has spent the last 30 years working for ESPN and living in Connecticut, talked to Cowboy State Daily on Wednesday from Dallas, where he’s on vacation. He’s headed to Cheyenne for Frontier Days.

Once he found that his mother was shaken but not hurt, Reed walked to the construction site he had left only an hour before. 

“The house was just gone,” he said. “There was nothing left but the foundation, and the furnace and a few other mechanicals in the basement. Not a stick of the house was left.”

Reed said it took him a while to process the scene. Talking about it 47 years later leaves him amazed and grateful that he got out of the area in time. 

“If I’d stayed a little longer, I would have been hiding in that basement,” he said.

Reed’s mother had been home alone working on her sewing machine when she heard the wind and realized some of the windows were open. When she looked out, she was staring at the tornado headed straight for her.

Becky Reed and the dog made it to the basement, where they went to her son’s room and pulled the mattress over them. She heard the sounds of destruction all around her as the twister plowed into homes.

“When she thought it was over, she went upstairs and out to the porch, only to see  the tornado roaring past her,” Reed said. “She told us later she thought, ‘I might have jumped the gun a little bit.’”

Reed said he’s still bewildered by what transpired that day, seeing some houses look untouched while their next-door neighbors’ homes were reduced to piles of rubble. 

Then he remembered something he said he hadn’t thought about for a long time.

“We had a coffee maker on the kitchen counter, with a pitcher and a panhandle with a metal ring around it,” Reed said. “The coffee maker was gone, but we found the handle out in the front yard. Sitting right next to it was a little dish that had $50 under it. That was just bizarre.”

Kerry Drake can be reached at: Kerry@CowboyStateDaily.com

Tornado 7 16 23 v8

<title>Most Destructive Tornado In Wyoming’s History Leveled Cheyenne 47 Years Ago | Cowboy State Daily</title>

It was 47 years ago on July 16, 1979, when a massive tornado ripped through Cheyenne, leveling hundreds of homes and killing a 14-month old. Decades later, it’s still the most destructive tornado in Wyoming history.

Most Destructive Tornado In Wyoming’s History Leveled Cheyenne 47 Years Ago

Kolby fedore

Kolby Fedore

Crime & Courts

Public Safety

A blown tire on a commercial truck appears to be what triggered a crash Wednesday that shut down U.S. Highway 20/26 outside Shoshoni for nearly four hours, leaving motorists stranded in sweltering near 100-degree temperatures while emergency crews cleared the road.

Wyoming Highway Patrol Public Information Officer Aaron Brown said an eastbound semitruck east of Shoshoni traveling toward Casper suffered a tire failure at about 10:30 a.m., causing it to drift into the westbound lane and sideswipe a GMC Yukon. 

Brown said there were no fatalities, though the extent of any injuries was not immediately available because troopers were still working at the scene. 

The highway was closed for nearly four hours as temperatures — expected to hit the high-90s and get near 100 Wednesday — rose while people were stuck behind the crash.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Hours In The Heat"}]

Scott Spiess of Lander told Cowboy State Daily he became stuck in the backup around 10 a.m. and remained there for hours.

"It says it's 94 where I'm sitting right now, so it's probably closer to about 98 on the highway," Spiess said while waiting for the road to reopen. "People hauling horses, I would be concerned about their animals."

Spiess said he never saw the collision itself but watched as a large emergency response unfold.

"I do know that they brought in three flatbed wreckers and two semi wreckers, and at one point in time, they had two helicopters and several fire department and police department vehicles on scene,” he said.

Photos shared with Cowboy State Daily show emergency vehicles, a helicopter and heavy-duty wreckers gathered along the highway as traffic stretched into the distance.

Another image shows one of the commercial trucks involved with extensive front-end damage and its engine compartment exposed.

[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"text":"Investigation Continues"}]

Brown said the Wyoming Highway Patrol expects to temporarily close the highway again Thursday so investigators can reconstruct the crash and determine exactly what happened.

[{"type":"text","text":"A timeline for that closure has not yet been announced. "}]

[{"type":"text","text":"The crash remains under investigation."}]

Highway 2026 crash Unknown 51 7 15 269

<title>Crash Shuts Down Highway 20/26 Near Shoshoni For Hours In Near 100-Degree Heat | Cowboy State Daily</title>

A blown tire on a semitrailer sent it into the opposite lane, sideswiping a GMC Yukon and closing U.S. 20/26 near Shoshoni for more than four hours Wednesday, stranding motorists in near 100-degree heat. 

Crash Shuts Down Highway 20/26 Near Shoshoni For Hours In Near 100-Degree Heat

Heinz mark

Mark Heinz

Outdoors

Wildlife

There’s cause for Wyoming wildlife advocates to celebrate — and be frustrated — as one major wildlife crossing project is running ahead of schedule, while another remains stalled by a lack of federal money.

Work began this spring on a roughly $30 million wildlife crossing project that will go over U.S. Highway 189 near Kemmerer in what’s been called a 

That project was initially expected to be finished in late 2028. Now, the completion date is Oct. 31, 2027, about a year ahead of schedule.

Meanwhile, what conservationists say is an equally urgent crossing project along U.S. Highway 26/287 near Dubois remains on indefinite hold after failed efforts to snag federal funding.

About $2.6 million in private donations have been raised for that project, and some state money might also be available. 

However, an estimated $16 million in federal grant money is needed to meet the roughly $28 million budget.

The plan is to build three wildlife underpasses and an overpass along a 25-mile stretch of Highway 26/287, where 

It was hoped that construction could begin there in 2027, but with funding still not secured, that might not be possible.

WYldlife Fund Vice President Breanna Ball told Cowboy State Daily that her group and others are determined to see the project through.

But it’s in a crowded field of requests for federal money.

“There are needs for wildlife crossings all over the West, and even across the country, so there is lots of competition (for grants),” she said.

The project on Highway 189 involves a 30-mile stretch between Evanston and Kemmerer, where traffic has taken a heavy toll on mule deer, elk and pronghorn.

It will include seven wildlife underpasses, an overpass and 63 miles of 8-foot-tall deer fence to help guide wildlife to the safe crossings, according to the Wyoming Department of Transportation.

The highway there cuts through a vital migration route for the Wyoming Range mule deer herd, considered by hunters to be among the most prized of Wyoming’s wildlife.

The herd typically spends the summer and fall in the Wyoming Range mountains, and then winters on the vast flats between the Wyoming Range and Wind River mountains.

Along U.S. 189, state Game and Fish officials say an average of 80 deer-vehicle collisions are reported there annually, although that number is likely underreported. 

The Dubois project would help secure a vital migration route for mule deer between summer range in the Grand Teton area, and winter range on the Wind River Indian Reservation.

“WYDOT did submit for a federal BUILD grant for the Dubois wildlife crossing project design work, and while the agency was awarded two BUILD grants in this cycle, the Dubois project was unfortunately not one of the winning awards,” agency spokeswoman Jordan Young stated in an email to Cowboy State Daily.

“WYDOT's grant writers will continue to submit the project for any eligible federal grants. Since we are pursuing grants for design work, we have no expected date for construction,” she added.

Ball said that the WYldlife Fund will keep trying to raise private donations to go toward engineering costs for the Dubois crossing project.

If detailed engineering plans for the project were available, it could greatly increase the chances of landing a federal grant for construction costs, she said.

Retired Game and Fish habitat manager and wildlife biologist Walt Gasson told Cowboy State Daily that seeking federal grants can be frustrating.

“It’s hard to convince some people, and sometimes those people hold purse strings,” he said.

There should be no doubt that the Dubois wildlife crossings are needed, Gasson said — not only to spare wildlife, but also for human safety.

“I can’t count the number of times I’ve had near-misses with deer between Dubois and Burris, especially at night,” he said.

Protecting wildlife also protects Wyoming’s economy, Gasson added.

“This is most assuredly not just a ‘feel good’ project,” he said. "This is about what Wyoming’s people bring to the table for the country, and that’s free-ranging wildlife."

“The easiest thing to see is dead critters. What you don’t see is loss of revenue to communities like Dubois. What is Dubois’ claim to fame? Wild things in wild places.”

The key will be getting federal grant managers to see things that way, he said.

“It’s hard to convince somebody who doesn’t understand Wyoming and our reliance on the tourism economy,” he said.

Given the factors of economy, wildlife protection and public safety, the need for the Dubois crossings should be “a blinding flash of the obvious,” he said.

Kemmerer wildlife Arch 1 7 15 26

<title>$30M Kemmerer Wildlife Crossing Ahead Of Schedule, $28M Dubois Project Stalled | Cowboy State Daily</title>

A $30 million wildlife crossing in a “death zone” for deer on U.S. Highway 189 near Kemmerer is about a year ahead of schedule. But another $28 million project near Dubois, which conservationists say is equally vital, is stalled over money.

$30M Kemmerer Wildlife Crossing Ahead Of Schedule, $28M Dubois Project Stalled

Employee kate meadows cropped

Kate Meadows

Politics

 issued by Cheyenne's Board of Public Utilities (BOPU), arguing the city has not provided the evidence needed to support its conclusion that the company's data center project contaminated the city's sewer reuse system.

The appeal, filed Monday by Meta corporate entity Goat Systems LLC, comes 11 days after the BOPU publicly identified Goat Systems as the industrial user responsible for introducing the bacteria Cupriavidus gilardii into the city's water reuse system.

In a statement provided to Cowboy State Daily late Tuesday, Meta claims the BOPU has not shared all of its testing data or supporting documentation with Meta, its contractor Fortis Construction or the public.

"It is important that the community has all the information about what happened," the statement says.

Meta said it is seeking review "so the facts and cause can be fully and accurately evaluated through the appropriate process."

The appeal comes more than four months after the bacteria was first detected in Cheyenne's wastewater reuse system.

[{"type":"text","text":"City Officials Respond"}]

Cheyenne Mayor Patrick Collins told Cowboy State Daily via a text message Tuesday that he was aware of the appeal. 

[{"type":"text","text":"He was not able to immediately comment further."}]

 the delay in the public being informed was because it took the BOPU, the Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality and the EPA “a number of months to understand the issue.”

“They didn’t want point fingers until they were positive (of the issue and the industrial user),” he said.

Calls and emails to the Board of Public Utilities seeking comment were not returned before publication.

Dr. Mark Rinne, the Cheyenne City Council member who serves as the council's representative on the BOPU, said he was unaware an appeal had been filed until contacted by Cowboy State Daily.

"I was surprised," Rinne said. "I'm not sure what Meta's objections are."

Rinne said he remains confident the contamination was linked to work performed by Meta's contractor.

"Maybe they named the wrong contractor, but where does the buck stop?" he said.

Rinne said he called BOPU’s director, Brad Brooks, and Brooks confirmed the BOPU had given the data to Meta “three different times.”  

“There’s probably not a lot they can divulge,” Rinne added, as a court hearing is pending.

[{"type":"text","text":"What The Appeal Says"}]

Goat Systems is asking the BOPU to reconsider its notice of significant noncompliance and has requested a contested case hearing.

Among the actions being challenged are the proposed $10,000 administrative fine and a surcharge the BOPU plans to assess to recover costs associated with removing the bacteria from the sewer system.

According to the appeal, the BOPU has not produced sampling data, laboratory analyses, chain-of-custody records or other documentation demonstrating that discharges from the Meta data center construction site caused the contamination.

The filing also argues the notice does not establish that 

 at the project's discharge point accurately represented any discharge related to Fortis Construction's fill-and-flush activities.

Additionally, the appeal contends the BOPU failed to consider "potential intervening causes" that could have introduced the bacteria into the wastewater system.

The contamination was first discovered in March, when Cupriavidus gilardii was found in wastewater that is treated and reused for irrigation in Cheyenne. 

Although the bacteria generally poses little risk to healthy people, city officials said it disrupted the biological treatment process and forced the BOPU to halt production of reclaimed irrigation water while crews disinfected the system.

The shutdown affected parks, golf courses and other users of reclaimed water during the spring irrigation season.

 that it had traced the contamination to discharge activities associated with construction of Meta's more than $800 million data center on the east side of Cheyenne. 

The board issued a Notice of Violation citing significant noncompliance, proposed a $10,000 administrative fine and said it would seek reimbursement for cleanup costs through a surcharge.

Throughout the investigation, Meta maintained that water samples collected by its contractor tested negative for the bacteria.

[{"type":"text","text":"Who Held The Permit?"}]

A central argument in the appeal is that the BOPU named the wrong entity as the industrial user.

Meta says Goat Systems should not have been identified because Fortis Construction — not Goat Systems — held the wastewater discharge permit and received temporary authorization to discharge boiler condensate and water used during fill-and-flush operations.

Fill-and-flush is a process used to clean newly installed piping by circulating water through a closed-loop cooling system to remove construction debris before the equipment is placed into service.

According to the appeal, Goat Systems "was not engaged in any activities on the site related to the discharges and could not have caused a discharge of the bacteria in question."

"This is a question of which entity held the permit, not a suggestion that any party acted improperly," Meta says. "We value our partnerships with both contractors and are simply seeking to have the record reflect the correct permit holder."

[{"type":"text","text":"Fortis Supports Appeal"}]

Fortis Construction said in a Tuesday email to Cowboy State Daily that it supports Meta's appeal.

"We remain committed to supporting a thorough, fact-based review of the matter and want to ensure this issue is addressed correctly," a company spokesperson said.

[{"type":"text","text":"Because the appeal is pending, Fortis declined further comment."}]

Meta has consistently maintained that water samples collected by Fortis during construction tested negative for Cupriavidus gilardii.

[{"type":"text","text":"'Committed To Being A Good Neighbor'"}]

Meta said the appeal should not be viewed as a retreat from its commitment to the Cheyenne community.

"We are committed to being a good neighbor in Cheyenne," the company statement says, "which includes helping care for the local watershed."

Meta noted its Cheyenne data center represents an investment of more than $800 million and supports about 100 permanent jobs.

The company also pointed to its global goal of becoming water positive by 2030, meaning it intends to restore more water than it consumes. 

Cheyenne Board of Public Utilities

<title>Meta Appeals Cheyenne Notice Of Violation Over Sewer Contamination | Cowboy State Daily</title>

Meta told Cowboy State Daily on Tuesday that it is appealing a violation notice issued by Cheyenne's Board of Public Utilities arguing the city has not provided evidence that the company's construction project contaminated the city's sewer reuse system.

Meta Appeals Cheyenne Notice Of Violation Over Sewer Contamination

Headshot of Cowboy State Daily's business and tourism reporter, Renée Jean

Renée Jean

Government & Politics

CHEYENNE — Why can a project as massive as Microsoft’s planned 3,500-acre expansion avoid Wyoming’s Industrial Siting Council while wind farms and other major industrial facilities usually cannot?

The short answer is that Wyoming law exempts certain non-mineral processing facilities built in existing industrial or business parks designated by local governments from the state’s full siting review. 

That question, in one form or another, hung over more than five hours of testimony Monday night as the Cheyenne City Council considered a package of annexation and zoning ordinances tied to Microsoft’s next wave of data center growth on the city’s south side.

The biggest piece in the package was a 3,500-acre annexation called the Highlands, the largest annexation in Cheyenne history. 

Before Monday's vote, the property represented roughly 20% of the city’s existing footprint. The council approved the annexation on a 6-3 vote, with Councilmen Larry Wolfe, Mark Moody, and Pete Laybourn all opposed.

Why can a project as massive as Microsoft’s planned 3,500-acre expansion avoid Wyoming’s Industrial Siting Council while wind farms and other major industrial facilities usually cannot? It’s not a loophole or a data-center-specific workaround. It's state law.

Daily Smile: Monday, April 17, 2023

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